The expected patterns of physical development Flashcards
What two categories is physical development split into?
- Gross motor skills - large movements that involve the whole/ most the body for example, throwing or running
- Fine motor skills - small movements to control the body (especially the hands) more precisely, for example, threading a needle.
What are some survival reflexes present at birth?
Babies are born with a range of survival reflexes, such as the palmar reflex where babies grasp anything that touches their palm.
What fine motor movements can a baby do at 6 months?
Can reach and grasp toys.
What gross motor movements can a baby do at 6 months?
Can roll from front to back.
What can a 9-month-old baby do with toys?
Can play with simple toys, e.g. rattles, cups.
What fine motor skill can a 12-month-old baby perform?
Points to objects using index finger.
What gross motor skills can a 1-2 year old child perform?
Can build a tower using three bricks, can sit up alone, can pull self up to standing.
What gross motor skill can a 2-3 year old child perform?
Walks down steps one step at a time, using two feet to each step.
What can a child do towards two years of age?
Can run and stop without knocking into objects.
What fine motor skills can a 3-5 year old child perform?
Draws circles and horizontal and vertical lines.
What gross motor skills can a 3-5 year old child perform?
Walks up and down steps and can jump from the lowest steps.
What fine motor skills can a 5-7 year old child perform?
Can use scissors to cut along a line, can balance on one foot.
What gross motor skills can a 5-7 year old child perform?
Uses alternate feet when walking up and down steps.
What can a 5-7 year old child do with coloring?
Can colour within the lines of a picture.
What gross motor skills can a 7-11 year old child perform?
Can walk backwards quickly, uses co-ordinated movements for climbing, swimming, and riding a bike.
What is the development of drawings in children aged 7-11?
Drawings increasingly detailed and skilled, allowing for skill in sports.
What changes occur in handwriting for children aged 7-11?
Handwriting may be joined up.
How does puberty affect motor skills?
Puberty may temporarily affect fluency of movements after a growth spurt.
What changes in body shape occur during puberty?
Changes in body shape may affect spatial awareness.
What physiological changes occur during puberty?
During puberty, heart and lungs grow, and there is a potential for increased stamina.
How does puberty affect strength?
Changes during puberty also increase strength as there is more muscle development.
What is the typical physical development for ages 16+
High levels of skill in both fine and gross motor development but skill level on any task is dependant on how much time is spent on this activity. This is turn links to interest levels.
