The Expansion Of The Mass Media

Question 1

What happened with TV?

Answer 1

-became available everywhere - 1951 75% had TV + 1971 91%
-created uniformity of culture + ended isolation of distant communities
-news no longer relayed by disembodied voice or lifeless newspaper
-TV rapidly supplanted cinema as entertainment

Question 2

Who was Hugh Green?

Answer 2

-director general BBC 1960-69
-introduced new programming -> satire, realistic drama e.g. Z cars + unconventional sitcoms e.g. Steptoe + son
-some plays contained controversial issues like mental health, nudity + alcoholism

Question 3

How did Hugh Greene transform TV?

Answer 3

-money diverted from radio to TV, guidelines on nudity + swearing raised
-new style news presentation
-more popular programmes commissioned

Question 4

What was the impact of the launch of ITV 1955?

Answer 4

-allowed advertising to expand
-advertisers could get straight into family room + tempt customers

Question 5

What other new channels were launched?

Answer 5

-BBC2 1964 allowing BBC1 grow more populist
-1967 BBC2 first channel broadcast colour programmes

Question 6

What happened to radio?

Answer 6

-radio survived with developments of cheap portable transistor + spread of car radios
-long life battery + earphones meant radios taken out + listened to privately
-teenagers had freedom listen to stations they wanted

Question 7

What new radio stations were created?

Answer 7

-start 1960s only 3 stations but enterprisers seized gap in market
-young people could listen nightly broadcasts pop music — radio Luxembourg + 1964 pirate stations

Question 8

What were the pirate radio stations?

Answer 8

-e.g. radio Caroline
-began broadcasting from ship moored outside territorial waters off Essex coast
-despite fires campaign to ‘save the pirates’ govt passed Marine Broadcasting act 1967 to ban them
-BBC radio one created

Question 9

What happened to newspapers?

Answer 9

-print advertising revenue fell along with readership
-but those that survived were stronger

Question 10

What newspapers remained + how were they developed?

Answer 10

-the sun launched 1964 replaced working class paper the daily herald
-bought by Australian newspaper tycoon Rupert Murdoch
-he associated it with permissive attitudes of 60s + its popularity grew