The Executive Flashcards

1
Q

Which article outlines the roles and powers of the president?

A

Article II

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2
Q

What does Article II Section 1 say about the president?

A

Election by electoral college
Oath of office to uphold constitution
Eligibility (must be 35, US born citizen and 14 years resident in US)
Limited to 2 terms after 22nd amendment
Compensation

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3
Q

What does Article II Section 2 say about the president?

A

Commander in chief
Power to appoint officials, judges and ambassadors
Negotiate treaties with foreign governments
Power to grant pardons and reprieves (only federal crimes)

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4
Q

What does Article II Section 3 say about the president?

A

State of union address
Power to make legislative recommendations
Can adjourn congress and call it into special sessions
Power to veto legislation
Receives ambassadors

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5
Q

What does Article II Section 4 say about the president?

A

Provides removal of president from office through a process of impeachment by congress for ‘treason, high crimes and misdemanours’
3 presidents have been impeached, Clinton, Johnson and Trump

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6
Q

Informal powers of the president

A

Position as party leader, agenda setter and national/world leader
Chief legislator also not in constitution but in budget act of 1921

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7
Q

When was it a limited presidency?

A

1789-1932
Except for brief periods of a strong president e.g. Lincoln during the Civil War
Congress was generally the dominant branch until the early 1930s

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8
Q

When was the modern presidency?

A

1932-45
F D Roosevelt set the standard of the activist

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9
Q

When was the imperial presidency?

A

1945-73
Truman to Nixon
Presidents as world leaders during the Cold War but eventually led US to disastrous Vietnam War

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10
Q

When was the Imperilled presidency?

A

1973-80
Nixon to Carter

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11
Q

When was the post-modern presidency?

A

1981-2001
Reagan to G W Bush

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12
Q

What are the 2 constitutional functions of the Vice President?

A

To keep breathing in case the president happens to stop
President of the Senate, casts deciding vote if deadlocked

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13
Q

What is the relationship like between the president and the VP?

A

President has to choose someone to run with them and support them
Needs to be someone that will appeal to voters
Political ideology also matters
Role of VP is entirely down to the president

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14
Q

How is the Cabinet decided?

A

Cabinet been around since 19th century
There are 15 major departments and the president select the heads of these to make up the cabinet with senate approval

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15
Q

What power does the cabinet have?

A

No governing power but advises the president on a daily basis
Says a lot about the president in who they choose as the secretaries (heads) of each department

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16
Q

What’s the relationship like between the president and their secretaries?

A

Often a challenging relationship because the secretaries are often torn between multiple roles
Have to choose between the department and the president

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17
Q

Who created the Executive Office of the President?

A

FD Roosevelt and the 1939 Executive Organisation Act

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18
Q

What is the Executive Office of the President?

A

4000 staffers appointed by and loyal to the president
Most don’t need to be approved by the Senate (unless to do with the budget)
Additional bureaucratic muscle for the president

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19
Q

How did the National Security Council come about?

A

Inception under Truman in 1947
Up to the president how much they use it

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20
Q

What is the National Security Council?

A

One of the most important aspects of the Executive Office of the President
Advises and assists the president on national security and foreign policies

21
Q

Who are the statutory members of the National Security Council?

A

President
Vice President
Secretary of State
Secretary of Treasury
Secretary of Defence
Secretary of Energy

22
Q

What does the Secretary of State do?

A

Heads the state department, created in 1789

23
Q

Secretary of State vs National Security Advisor

A

Lots of tension between the 2
NSA initially just an administrative role but has evolved into a major policy making role under Kennedy
Challenges the position of SofS

24
Q

When was the National Security Council at its prime of power?

A

When Nixon was president, the NSC was at its largest in terms of staffing and influence
Kissinger (NSA) had far more power than the SofS

25
Q

Who makes up the White House Office?

A

300-400 people
Includes president’s chief of staff
Various entities and their support staffs
Some members are consistent, others come and go

26
Q

What does Fred Greenstein argue are the 6 most important qualities for presidential leadership?

A

Public communication
Management skills
Cognitive intelligence
Policy skills
Policy vision
Emotional intelligence (most important)

27
Q

Barber’s active-positive presidents

A

Optimistic, willingness to act, enjoy being president
JF Kennedy
FD Roosevelt
George Bush Sir
Bill Clinton

28
Q

Barber’s active-negative presidents

A

Don’t enjoy being president, low self-esteem, power as means to self-realisation
Woodrow Wilson
Herbert Hoover
Lynden Johnson?

29
Q

Barber’s Passive-positive presidents

A

Low self esteem, easy to please
Ronald Reagan
William Taft

30
Q

Barber’s passive-negative presidents

A

Sense of duty, dislike of political negotiation
DD Eisenhower?
Calvin Coolidge

31
Q

Who were the first 5 presidents of the US?

A

1789-1997 George Washington
1797-1801 John Adams
1801-1809 Thomas Jefferson
1809-1817 James Madison
1817-1825 James Monroe

32
Q

Franklin D. Roosevelt

A

1933-1945
VP- Truman (1945)

33
Q

Harry S. Truman

A

1945-1953
VP- Barkley

34
Q

Dwight D. Eisenhower

A

1953-1961
Richard Nixon

35
Q

John F. Kennedy

A

1961-1963
Lyndon B. Johnson

36
Q

Lyndon B. Johnson

A

1963-1969
Humphrey

37
Q

Richard M. Nixon

A

1969-1974
Agnew
Ford

38
Q

Gerald R. Ford

A

1974-77
Rockerfeller

39
Q

Jimmy Carter

A

1977-1981
Mondale

40
Q

Ronald Reagan

A

1981-1989
George Bush Snr

41
Q

George Bush Snr

A

1989-1993
Quayle

42
Q

Bill Clinton

A

1993-2001
Al Gore

43
Q

George W. Bush

A

2001-2009
Dick Cheney

44
Q

Barack Obama

A

2009-2017
Joe Biden

45
Q

Donald Trump

A

2017-2021
Mike Pence

46
Q

Joe Biden

A

2021-
Kamala Harris

47
Q

What was Thomas Jefferson the founder of ?

A

Democratic Republican Party 1792
He envisaged the US in continental terms

48
Q

Which president was the founder of the republic?

A

George Washington