The Era of Reconstruction, 1865-1877

Question 1

What were Radical Republicans

Answer 1

northern Republicans who contested Lincoln’s treatment of Confederate states and proposed harsher punishments

Question 2

What was the significance of Radical Republicans

Answer 2

They wanted former Confederate states to be punished. DID NOT want the South back in the Union. Their policy required 50% of Southern states to swear the Ironclad Oath

Question 3

Ten Percent Plan

Answer 3

Lincoln’s Reconstruction plan, which required only 10 percent of the 1860 voters in Confederate states to take an oath of allegiance to the Union.

Question 4

What was the significance of Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan

Answer 4

This was significant because it showed that Lincoln wanted total equality. He did not want to punish the South too harshly and just wanted to bring them back into the Union.

Question 5

What was Lincoln’s primary goal immediately following the Civil War?

Answer 5

He wanted restore the Union as fast as possible by quickly bringing Southern states back into the fold.

Question 6

Under Radical Reconstruction, what did former Confederate states need to do in order to rejoin the Union?

Answer 6

They required 50% of Southern states to swear and Ironclad Oath to rejoin the Union. No Confederate soldiers and officers could vote or hold office.

Question 7

When was President Lincoln assassinated and by who?

Answer 7

April 14th, 1865 by John Wilkes Booth

Question 8

Who became president when Lincoln was assassinated?

Answer 8

Lincoln’s Vice President Andrew Johnson

Question 9

What was Radical Reconstruction’s goal for slavery

Answer 9

It wanted to guarantee the rights of newly freed slaves.

Question 10

Who did the South want to vote for?

Answer 10

Lincoln

Question 11

Who was Andrew Johnson

Answer 11

White supremacist, stayed loyal to the Union. Deeply racist. Wanted poor Southerners to step into places of power like him. Would not protect the right of newly freed Blacks.

Question 12

What were Black Codes

Answer 12

laws some southern states designed to maintain White Supremacy by keeping freed people impoverished and in debt

Question 13

What was the significance of Black Codes

Answer 13

This limited economic opportunities for Blacks. There was a Civil Rights of 1866, Congress will eventually overturn Black Codes.

Question 14

What was Freedmen’s Bureau?

Answer 14

the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, which was created in 1865 to Black peoples’ transition from slavery to freedom

Question 15

What was the significance of Freedmen’s Bureau?

Answer 15

Provided food, clothes, money, legal services, labor contracts, created schools, and created medical care. This was NOT supported by white Southerners.

Question 16

Why did the house of Representatives impeach Andrew Johnson?

Answer 16

Johnson fired someone from his cabinet which went against the Tenure of Office Act.

Question 17

What was the Tenure of Office Act

Answer 17

law forbidding the president to remove civil officers without senatorial consent

Question 18

Analyze the success and failure of the 13th Amendment

Answer 18

The good thing was that slavery was abolished, which was it’s main purpose, however this didn’t make Blacks equal to Whites.

Question 19

Discuss the benefits and drawbacks of the 15th Amendment

Answer 19

Drawbacks: did not give rights to women
Benefits: Citizens of the U.S (other than women) were allowed to vote regardless of race or their previous condition of servitude.

Question 20

What is the definition of impeached?

Answer 20

brought to trial for wrongdoing

Question 21

What was Johnson’s plan

Answer 21

his plans would provide opportunities for Confederate soldiers, sympathizers, and even high-ranking officers to receive pardons for their crimes against the Union

Question 22

What is a super majority

Answer 22

when they have enough votes to ignore the president’s veto

Question 23

How does the Congress feel about Johnson?

Answer 23

They hate Johnson and get extremely upset about the Black Codes

Question 24

why did the military enforce martial law

Answer 24

to protect blacks, supervise elections, and protect office holders

Question 25

when was Ulysses s grant elected president

Answer 25

1868

Question 26

who came up with the “New South”

Answer 26

Henry W. Grady

Question 27

what was the two main points of the “New South”

Answer 27

industrialization and that states should be in charge of race relations

Question 28

what percent of share-cropping was black and white

Answer 28

50% white and 75% black

Question 29

who was in the election of 1876

Answer 29

Rutherford B. Hayes (R) vs Samuel Tildon (D)

Question 30

what was the one good thing that came from segregation

Answer 30

blacks could start to develop a middle class

Question 31

disenfranchisement

Answer 31

if your grandfather couldn’t vote, then you couldn’t vote. If you vote then you have to pay extra taxes. Literacy tests were given and white people were given easier questions while blacks were given questions that were almost impossible to answer. ALL WHITE PRIMARIES

Question 32

Plessy vs Ferguson

Answer 32

“SEPARATE BUT EQUAL”
Plessy was 1/8 black and therefore was given the same rights as blacks and not whites. “Test-case” - plessy wants to stand against the law. They say that the law is fair and repeat the phrase “separate but equal”.