The Environment in which Projects Operate Flashcards
Organizational Knowledge Repositories
Where information is stored and retrieved.
Examples:
-Configuration management knowledge repositories contain the versions of software and hardware components.
-financial data repositories
-historical information and lessons learned knowledge repositories
-issues and defect management data repositories
-data repositories
-project files from previous projects.
External Environmental Factors
- marketplace conditions
- social and cultural influences and issues
- legal restrictions
- commercial databases
- academic research
- government or industry standards
- financial considerations
- physical environmental elements
Influences on Projects are:
EEF’s and POA’s
Enterprise environmental factors (EEF)
- They are uncontrollable conditions that influence, contain, or direct the project.
- They can be both external and internal to the organization.
- Can have a positive or negative outcome of the project.
- They are considered as inputs to project management processes, especially those around planning.
Organizational process assets (OPA)
Plans, processes, policies, procedures, and knowledge bases specific to and used by the performing organization.
-Include any artifact, practice, or knowledge from any or all of the organizations involved in the project.
External EEF’s (enterprise environmental factors)
- marketplace conditions, competitors, market share brand recognition, and trademarks
- social and cultural influences and issues, political climate, codes of conduct, ethics, and perceptions.
- legal restrictions, country or local laws and regulations related to security, data
- commercial databases, benchmarking results, standardized cost estimating data, industry risk study information, and risk databases.
- academic research, industry standards, regulatory agency regulations, and standards related to products, production, environment, quality, and workmanship.
- financial considerations, currency exchange rates, interest rates, inflation rates, tariffs, and geographic location.
- physical environmental elements, working conditions, weather, and constraints.
Internal EFF’s (enterprise environmental factors)
- organizational culture, structure, and governance, the vision, mission, values, beliefs, cultural norms, leadership style, etc.
- geographic distribution of facilities and resources, factory locations, virtual teams, shared systems, and cloud computing
- infrastructure, facilities, equipment, organizational telecommunications channels, IT
- IT software, scheduling software tools, configuration management systems, web interfaces to other online automated systems.
- resource availability, contracting and purchasing constraints, approved providers and subcontractors
- employee capability, existing human resources expertise, skills, competencies, and specialized knowledge.
What are the 2 primary categories for OPA’s?
Plans, Processes, Policies, & Procedures
and
Organizational Knowledge Repositories
OPA’s Plans, Processes, Policies, Procedures’ characteristics:
- Not updated as a result of the project work
- established by the project management office
- can only be updated by following the organizational policies.
OPA’s PPPP 3 Groups
- Initiating and Planning
- Executing, Monitoring and Controlling
- Closing
OPA’s PPPP’s Initiating and Planning Group includes:
- guidelines for tailoring the organization’s standard processes and procedures to satisfy the needs of the project.
- specific organizational standards such as it policies
- product and project life cycle, and methods and procedures.
- templates
- preapproved supplier lists and various types of contractual agreements.
OPA’s PPPP’s Executing, Monitoring, and Controlling Group include:
- change control
- traceability matrices
- financial controls features
- issue and defect management procedures
- resource availability control and assignment management
- organizational communication requirements
- procedures for prioritizing, approving, and issuing work authorizations.
- templates
- standardization guidelines, work instructions, proposal evaluation criteria, and performance measurement criteria
- product, service, or result verification and validation procedures.
OPA’s PPPP’s Closing Group includes:
-project closure guidelines or requirements
OPA’s Organizational Knowledge Repositories (Bases) characteristics:
Since OPA’s are used to inform future work and are internal to the organization, they can be updated continuously throughout the project as knowledge about the project is understood.
It will store and retrieve important information regarding various factors:
- configuration management knowledge repositories
-financial data repositories
-historical informational lessons learned knowledge repositories
-issue defect management data repositories
data repositories for metrics used to collect and make available measurements data on processes and products
-project files from previous projects
Organizational Systems
play a role in the life cycle of the project. System factors can impact the power, influence, interests, competencies, and political capabilities of the people that act within the organization.
