The Enlightenment and french revolution

Question 1

Causes of French Revolution

Answer 1

Enlightenment Ideas 
Debt 
Unfair taxes and voting 
Food shortages 
Social inequalities 
weak leadership

Question 2

Four major causes of the enlightenment

Answer 2

The renaissance
Age of exploration
The reformation
scientific revolution

Question 3

Trace the Events of french revolution from meeting of the estates general to the rise of napoleon

Answer 3

Meeting of the States general 
National Assembly 
Tennis court oath 
Storming of the bastille 
Geat fear 
women's march 
National Convention 
Declaration of rights of man
Reign of terror
The directory 
Rise of napoleon

Question 4

Explain how the french revolution led to the rise of Napoleon in Europe

Answer 4

In an attempt to protect french power trade and to disrupt British trade with India , napoleon led expedition to Egypt

Question 5

Explain napoleon legacy including positive and negative changes he made

Answer 5

Positive : 
Got France out of debt
Better education 
created set of schools:  primary, secondary , lychee and technical 
created a banking system 
Ended corruption 

Negative :
Controlled press
Limited power of the people
Degraded women

Question 6

First estate

Answer 6

composed of roman catholic church, owned 10 percent of land in France and made up 1 percent of the population. they paid 2 percent of taxes.
They provided education and relief services to the poor

Question 7

Second estate

Answer 7

Made up of rich nobles, they made up 20 percent of the land. Paid no taxes and saw enlightenment as a threat to their status and privilege.

Question 8

third estate

Answer 8

Divided into two groups :
1- bourgeois , bankers , factory owners 
2- urban workers, domestic servants 
They had no power to influence government, they embraced enlightenment and resented first and second estate.
Peasants made up 80 percent 
half of their income to nobles

Question 9

The spark that began The french Revolution

Answer 9

The storming of the Bastille

Question 10

The major goal of the french revolution was

Answer 10

To create a more democratic Government

Question 11

“I do not agree with a word you say but I will defend your right to say it”

Answer 11

Divided into two groups :
1- bourgeois , bankers , factory owners 
2- urban workers, domestic servants 
They had no power to influence government, they embraced enlightenment and resented first and second estate.
Peasants made up 80 percent 
half of their income to nobles

Question 12

“I don’t agree with a word you say but I’ll defend your right to say it”

Answer 12

Voltaire

Question 13

After Maximilian Robespear came into power he

Answer 13

Executed thousands of people

Question 14

“People should Lay down their natural right of equality and freedom and give absolute power to a king”

Answer 14

Hobbes

Question 15

After the Reign of terror, french public opinion became

Answer 15

more conservative

Question 16

Napoleon left a legacy including

Answer 16

Changed the way the world map looks

Question 17

At congress of vienna, 5 great powers met to

Answer 17

Achieve peace and stability
Contain France
restore the ruler’s napoleon had driven out of their throne

Question 18

“The people have the right to Revolt and establish a new government”

Answer 18

Locke

Question 19

King and queen that helped put France in debt

Answer 19

Louis xvi and queen Marie Antoinette known as madam deficit

Question 20

What was the Bastille

Answer 20

A prison

Question 21

Political thinker that presented an argument for the education of women. She also declared that women should have the same political right as men.

Answer 21

Mary Wollstonecraft

Question 22

this philosopher’s ideas greatly influenced criminal law reformers in Europe and north America. He argued against the use of torture and other common abuses of justice

Answer 22

Cesare Bonesana Beccaria

Question 23

Aristocrat philosopher devoted to the study of political liberty. Wrote the famous book “ On the spirit of the laws” were he proposed separation of powers would keep any individual or group from gaining total control

Answer 23

Montesquieu

Question 24

This philosopher disagreed with other philosophers on a number of matters.

Answer 24

Jean Jacques

Question 25

His masterful use of satire got him into frequent trouble with the clergy, the aristocracy and the government of France. Despite serving two prison terms and being exiled, he never stopped fighting for tolerance, reason , freedom of religion and freedom of speech

Answer 25

Voltaire

Question 26

Felt that people are reasonable beings. Supported self-government and argued that the purpose of government is to protect the natural rights of people. If government failed to protect these natural rights, citizens have the right to overthrow it

Answer 26

John locke

Question 27

This political thinker believed that all humans are naturally selfish and wicked. Wanted a strong government to control human behaviour . He said that people should enter a social contract where they exchanged their rights for law and order

Answer 27

Thomas Hobbes