The Enlightenment

Question 1

liberalism

Answer 1

the philosophical and political theory which supports individual freedom

Question 2

natural rights

Answer 2

John Locke’s Enlightenment belief that people had inalienable rights just as a result of being human.

Question 3

cogito ergo sum

Answer 3

‘I think therefore I am’ - the famous Cartesian (made by Descartes) Enlightenment philosophy that is said to prove one’s own existence, and the existence of God.

Question 4

Deism

Answer 4

The Enlightenment belief that God is a supernatural being who doesn’t intervene in human affairs, but requires people to use their own logic.

Question 5

Benjamin Franklin

Answer 5

The most famous Enlightenment thinker in America.

Question 6

Separation of powers

Answer 6

The separation of the executive, judicial and legislative branches of government, based on the ideas of Montesquieu.

Question 7

judiciary

Answer 7

the courts, lawyers and judges

Question 8

executive

Answer 8

the supreme power (president, king, prime minister and their cabinet of ministers)

Question 9

legislature

Answer 9

parliament; the body that can make laws