The Endocrine System Ch. 16

Question 1

ADH is Released by the Anterior or Posterior Pituitary? What organ does this hormone affect? What effect does this hormone have on that organ?

Answer 1

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) - released by the posterior pituitary - acts to promote the retention of water by the kidneys and increases blood pressure.

Question 2

OXT is Released by the Anterior or Posterior Pituitary? What organ does this hormone affect? What effect does this hormone have on that organ?

Answer 2

Oxytocin (OXT) - released by the posterior pituitary - causes increased contraction of the uterus during labor and stimulates the ejection of milk into the ducts of the breasts. Also causes smooth muscle contraction of the ductus deferens and prostate in males during orgasm.

Question 3

MSH is Released by the Anterior or Posterior Pituitary? What organ does this hormone affect? What effect does this hormone have on that organ?

Answer 3

Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) - released by the posterior pituitary - involved in pigmentation changes in some animals affects the skin.

Question 4

ACTH is Released by the Anterior or Posterior Pituitary? What organ does this hormone affect? What effect does this hormone have on that organ?

Answer 4

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) - released by the anterior pituitary - responsible for simulation the adrenal cortex functions to increase glucose metabolism by the release of steroid hormones as well as production corticosteroids that function to decrease inflammation after injury.

Question 5

TSH is Released by the Anterior or Posterior Pituitary? What organ does this hormone affect? What effect does this hormone have on that organ?

Answer 5

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) - released by the anterior pituitary - stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) which stimulates the metabolism in the tissues of the body.

Question 6

GH is Released by the Anterior or Posterior Pituitary? What organ does this hormone affect? What effect does this hormone have on that organ?

Answer 6

Growth Hormone (GH) - released by the anterior pituitary - stimulates the liver which produces Somatomedins which affect bones and muscle tissues causing cell reproduction and growth.

Question 7

PRL is Released by the Anterior or Posterior Pituitary? What organ does this hormone affect? What effect does this hormone have on that organ?

Answer 7

Prolactin (PRL) - released by the anterior pituitary - stimulates the mammary glands to produce milk after childbirth.

Question 8

FSH is Released by the Anterior or Posterior Pituitary? What organ does this hormone affect? What effect does this hormone have on that organ?

Answer 8

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) - released by the anterior pituitary - promotes the formation of ova or sperm in the gonads.

Question 9

LH is Released by the Anterior or Posterior Pituitary? What organ does this hormone affect? What effect does this hormone have on that organ?

Answer 9

Luteinizing Hormone (LH) - released by the anterior pituitary - stimulates ovulation in females and the synthesis of androgen in males affects the gonads.

Question 10

Corticotropin-relesing hormone (CRH) stimulates the release of what hormone in the Anterior putuitary gland?

Answer 10

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)

Question 11

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulates the release of what hormone in the Anterior putuitary gland?

Answer 11

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

Question 12

Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GH-RH) and Growth hormone-inhibitine hormone (GH-IH) regulate the secretioin of what hormone from the Anterior pituitary?

Answer 12

Growth hormone (GH)

Question 13

Prolactin-Releasing Factor (PRF) and Prolactin-Inhibiting Hormone (PIH) regulate what hormone released from the anterior pituitary?

Answer 13

Prolactin (PRL)

Question 14

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulates the secretion of what hormones by the anterior pituitary?

Answer 14

Folical Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Lutinizing Hormone (LH)

Question 15

Name two stimuli that cause the secretion of dirrect releasing hormones from the posterior pituitary.

Answer 15

1. Sensory stimulatioin
2. Osmoreceptor stimulation

Question 16

What type of steriod hormone is released from the Adrenal cortex after stimulation by ACTH?

Answer 16

Glucocorticoids

Question 17

Name the two hormones released by the male testes:

Answer 17

1. Testosterone
2. Inhibin

Question 18

Name the three hormones released by the female overies:

Answer 18

1. Estrogen
2. Progesterone
3. Inhibin