The Endocrine System Flashcards
What is the function of the endocrine system?
The endocrine system controls specific functions of the human body by the use of chemical substances called hormones, which are produced in the endocrine glands.
What are the major glands of the endocrine system?
hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, pancreas, adrenal, ovaries, testis.
How do hormones travel around the body and act on specific cells?
Hormones travel around the body through the blood stream. Hormones and hormone receptors also use the lock and key model, meaning that only a specific hormone can latch onto a specific receptor.
Define the term ‘homeostasis’.
The process of maintaining a constant internal environment.
What is the function of the pituitary gland?
Secretes a variety of hormones, and controls other glands in the endocrine system.
What is the role of the hypothalamus?
The hypothalamus checks the internal environment, responds to changes, and controls body temperature, metabolism and water levels.
Define the term ‘ectothermic’. Provide an example.
An animal that cannot maintain a constant internal temperature. E.g. a lizard.
Define the term ‘endothermic’. Provide an example.
An animal that is able to maintain a constant b.ody temperature. E.g. a cow.
How does the hypothalamus link the nervous and endocrine systems?
By secreting hormones that act on the pituitary gland
What is the function of the thyroid and parathyroid?
Regulates the body’s metabolism and calcium levels.
What is the function of the adrenal?
Regulates metabolism and behaviour.
What is the function of the ovaries?
Regulates growth, development, reproduction, immunity, onset of puberty and behaviour.
What is the function of the testes?
Regulates growth, development, reproduction, immunity, onset of puberty and behaviour.
What is the function of the pancreas?
Regulates blood sugar levels.
What is the function of the thymus?
Regulates metabolism, growth and development.
