The endocrine system

Question 1

What is the endocrine system

Answer 1

The endocrine systen works along NS to control vital functions in the body.
The endocrine system works more slowly than NS
endocrine system instucts various glands to release horomones into bloodstream
Important structures in endocrine system:
The pituitary gland is the ‘master gland’ it controls the release of hormones from all other glands in the body e.g
* Thyroid glands produce hormones thyroxine increasing metabolic rate & affects growth rates
* The pancreas- produces insulin which regulates blood glucose levels
* Adrenal glands- produces adrenaline
* Overies(females) produces oestrogen
* Testes(males) produces testosterone

Question 2

Outline pituitary gland

Answer 2

The pituitary gland ‘master gland’ controls the release of hormones from all other glands in endocrine system , it is controlled by the hypothalamus

Question 3

Outline pineal gland

Answer 3

This releases melatonin
melatonin is responsible for important biological rhythms , like sleep wake cycle
it recieves info from enviroment about light & dark cycles which influences production & secretion of melatonin

Question 4

Outline Thyroid gland

Answer 4

Thyroid gland releases thyroxine, which increases heart rate & affects cells throughout body increasing metabolic rate in turn affects growth rate

Question 5

Pancreas gland

Answer 5

Pancreas gland plays role in digestion by producing enzymes to break down food & hormones to regulate blood sugar levels & appetite
The hormone produced is insulin
insulin helps body break down carbohydrates to produce glucose which need for energy

Question 6

Adrenal gland

Answer 6

Part of adrenal gland-adrenal medulla releases adrenaline which creates the physiological arousal preceding
the fight or flight response, through increasing the activity within the sympathetic branch of the nervous system.

Question 7

The testes gland

Answer 7

testes gland release the hormone testosterone
responsible for the development of male sex characterisics during puberty while also promoting muscle growth

Question 8

The overies

Answer 8

The ovaries releases oestrogen which controls the rgeulation of the female reproductive system , including menstrual cycle & pregnancy