The Endocrine System Flashcards
hypothalamus
a part of the brain that controls pituitary glands by producing, releasing and inhabiting hormones that regulate moods, thirst, sleep and hunger
pituitary gland
secretes hormones that are used for regulating growth and sex hormones
thyroids
secrete calcitonin which regulates blood and tissue calcium levels and thyroxine which controls growth, development and metabolic rate
adrenal glands
secrete adrenaline which enables the body to react to stress by increasing heart and breathe rates, and redistributing blood to the muscles.
secretes aldosterone which acts in the kidneys to control sodium, potassium and water balance, stabilising blood volume and pressure
pancreas
secretes glucagon which increases blood glucose level and secretes insulin which reduces blood glucose levels
ovaries
secrete oestrogen which is involved in development of secondary sex characteristics and regulation of the reproductive system
secretes progesterone which is done after ovulation and linked to potential pregnancy
testes
secrete testosterone, which is involved int he development of male secondary sex characteristics at puberty
3 functions of the endocrine system
- regulation of body activity
- control of the reproductive processes
- homeostasis
diabetes mellitus: diagnosis
- test urine for glucose
- if positive, conduct specialised blood testing
- type one is diagnosed in childhood
- type two begins in middle age, although many younger people are diagnosed because it links to obesity
diabetes mellitus: treatment
type 1: insulin injections
type 2: diet, exercise, medication, and sometimes insulin injections
diabetes mellitus: symptoms
excessive thirst increased urination tiredness weight loss thrush blurred vision
diabetes. mellitus: cause
absence of or resistance to insulin
hypothyroidism: cause
thyroid deficiency
hypothyroidism: diagnosis
- a blood test to check the thyroid function
hypothyroidism: symptoms
tiredness
weight gain
depression
swelling of face, hands, feet and eyelids
