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E: Neuropsychopharmacology > The endocannabinoid system > Flashcards

The endocannabinoid system Flashcards

1
Q

Cannabis sativa produce?

A

About 70 compounds which are chemically related to delta9-THC (tetrahydrocannabinol)

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2
Q

Cannabinoids?

A

Chemically related to tetrahydrocannbinol that is produced from cannabis sativa

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3
Q

Marijuana and hashish are?

Causes what effect?

A

Cannabis product

Psychotropic effects

Attributes to delta9-THC

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4
Q

Drug harm potential?

A

Dependent on the scientific dependence of it.

Illustrated in a harm vs addictive graph.

Cannabis is less harmful than alcohol

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5
Q

Localisation of cannabinoids binding sites?

A

The molecules in the cannabis binds to receptors.

The receptors they bind to are distributed throughout the brain including the cerebellum and hippocampus.

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6
Q

The large range of receptors they bind to means?

A

These drugs mediate a variety of different brain systems

Can modulate a variety of processes

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7
Q

CB1?

A

Mainly in CNS and some peripheral tissue such as adipose tissue, heart and liver.

Couple ot Gi/o family and inhibit adenylate cyclase activity upon activation.

CB1 receptor activation modulates calcium or potassium condutance

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8
Q

What does the CB1 receptor modulate?

A

Supresses neuronal excitability and neurotransmitter release

Modulates NO production

Na channel conductance

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9
Q

CB2?

A

Primarily in cells of the immune system, in the spleen, tonsils and thymus.

Couple to Gi/o and inhibit adenylate cyclase activity upon activation

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10
Q

CB1 and CB2 receptor formation?

A

7TMs domains.

GPCR.

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11
Q

CB3?

A

Evidence suggest this unknown receptor exists

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12
Q

CB1 receptor distribution in the brain?

A

Distribution suggest high or exclusive expression in GABAergic cell.

Sections of the basal ganglia and hippocampus

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13
Q

GABAergic cells?

A

Cells that synthessi GABA

Involved in inhibition

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14
Q

Endocannabinoids metabolism?

A

AS10

Dedegration reactions

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15
Q

DSI?

A

Depolarisation-induced suppression of inhibition

IPSP on a CA1 hippocampal cell are inhibited for a brief period following stimulation.

Modulatated by CB1

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16
Q

Retrograde signalling?

A

Retrograde transmission of endocannbinoids to the presynpatic receptor

Inhibits calcium influx and decreases GABA release.

17
Q

Name the 3 neurotransmission strategies?

A

Retrograde: normal chemical synpase

Bidirectional: electrical synpase

Anterograde: endocannabinoid-mediated

AS11

18
Q

Retrograde signaling by endocannabinoids?

A

Anterograde.

Act on the GABAergic synpase and GLUTergic synpase.

AS12

19
Q

Name the 7 chronic effects on endocanniboids?

A
  1. Respiration
  2. Cardiovascular
  3. Immune system
  4. Reproduction
  5. Emotion
  6. Intellect
  7. Psychological
20
Q

What are the acute effects of endocannabinoids?

A

The stimulation leads to tranquility

Impaired short-term memory and learning

Anxiety, fear and pain at high dosage.

Sedation

21
Q

DSI stands for?

A

depolarised-induced suppression of inhibition

AS12

22
Q

DSE stands for?

A

Depolarisation-induced suppression of excitation

23
Q

Role of the endocannbinoid system?

A

Important in the fear, anxiety and panic.

Can do a auditory fear conditioning test model in rodents

24
Q

ECS and food?

A

Increases appetite.

Therefore can make an antagonist drug to suppress appetite.

25
Q

Effects of CB1 stimualtion?

A

Increase insulin resistance.

Decrease HDL-cholesterol.

Increase in triglerides

Decrease in glucose uptake.

Decrease in adiponectine.

Food is eaten for its gustatory rewarding properties

26
Q

Rimonabant?

A

Effective and promising drug.

Inverse agonist of the CB1 receptor.

Produces consistent weight loss.

27
Q

Why is an inverse agonist of CB1 not a good drug to use?

A

As CB1 is a pleiotropic target

Therefore it adversely affecting all the other neuronal controlled systems.

28
Q

Analgesic effect of ECS?

A

Rebound hyperalgesia: wont feel pain until the effects leave and will have a rebound pain (which will be must higher than the original)

Potential for abuse (the same with all opioid-based analgesics)

29
Q

What is it called when 2AG is converted to glycerol and arachildonic acid?

A

MAGL

E: Neuropsychopharmacology (9 decks)

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