The Emergence Of New Ideas + Opposition

Question 1

What encouraged the spread of opposition?

Answer 1

-relaxation in censorship encouraged spread of radical literature
-relaxation of controls in higher education increased number independent minded students

Question 2

What did the creation of the zemstva + Duma’s create?

Answer 2

-created a platform for educated intellectuals to challenge tsarist policies
-reform to judicial system produced trained lawyers ready to question + challenge autocratic policies
-repressive atmosphere towards end of both reigns increased demands for change