The Emergence of New France Flashcards
What were the French looking for when they financed sea voyages in the early 16th century?
A route to Asia to find precious metals, riches, spices, etc.
Name two important facts about the year 1608.
- Champlain formed a permanent settlement known as Quebec.
2. Beginning of French Regime
Why was Champlain interested in New France?
fur trade and natural resources like timber, fish, fertile soil
What is mercantilism?
The more gold and silver a country had, the more power that country had in international trade.
More money = more power
Who had a monopoly over commercial activities in exchange for establishing the colony? (before 1627)
Trading companies
Why was New France so hard to settle?
Harsh winters
No job opportunities = no money
Constantly at war with Natives
What happened because of the Great Peace of Montreal?
- Tension in the territory disappeared
- People were focused on developing the colony again
- Natives and French people worked together
In what year was the signing of the Great Peace of Montreal?
1701
Who are les coureurs des bois?
Young Frenchmen who adopted a lifestyle similar to Natives. They became the middlemen between the Natives and fur trading posts.
What did the Company of 100 Associates promise to do, and why?
They promised to move 4000 colonists to New France over a 15 year span.
They promised to do this in exchange for a monopoly on trading.
Did the Company of 100 Associates keep their promise? Why or why not?
No, because of war between England and France. Only 900 permanent settlers came to New France.
Why did missions come to New France?
To convert Natives to Christianity
Who came to New France in 1615 and 1625?
Récollets and Jesuit missionaries
Name one female religious community.
All the following answers are acceptable:
- Les Ursulines
- Grey Nuns
- Congregation on Notre-Dame
- Religious Hospices
What were the religious communities responsible for?
- decision-making
- immigration
- education
- hospitals
- poor people
Who is Jacques Cartier? What did he discover? In what year?
Jacques Cartier was a French explorer. He sailed through the Gulf of St. Lawrence in 1534.
In what year was Ville-Marie established?
1642
Why was Ville-Marie established?
To convert Natives to Christianity
In what year was Royal Government established?
1663
What was the highest court in New France in 1663?
Sovereign Council
What was Jean Talon’s plan?
- Populate the colony
- Increase agricultural production
- Diversify economic activity
What is the Thirty-six Month Plan?
Jean Talon asked men from France to come to New France to master a trade in 3 years in exchange for money and land.
Who are les filles du roi?
Mostly orphan girls that were given a dowry to come to Canada to get married.
What job did most of the settlers have?
Farmers, agriculture
