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Physics > The Electromagnetic Spectrum (Chapter 11) > Flashcards

The Electromagnetic Spectrum (Chapter 11) Flashcards

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1
Q

Name the complete electromagnetic spectrum.

A
  • Radio waves
  • Microwave
  • Infrared
  • Visible light
  • Ultraviolet
  • X-rays
  • Gamma rays
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2
Q

What is electromagnetic spectrum?

A

EM spectrum is a continuous spectrum of waves, including the visible spectrum.

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3
Q

What are the properties of EM spectrum waves?

A
  • They all transfer energy
  • They are all transverse wave
  • They all travel at 300,000,000 m/s, the speed of light in a vacuum
  • They can all be reflected and refracted
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4
Q

What are the sources, detectors and uses of radio waves?

A

Sources - radio transmitters, TV transmitters
Detectors - Radio and TV aerials
Uses - (long, medium, short-) wave radio, TV

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5
Q

What are the sources, detectors and uses of Microwaves?

A

Sources - microwave transmitters, ovens
Detectors - Microwave receivers
Uses - mobile phone and satellite communication, cooking

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6
Q

What are the sources, detectors and uses of Infrared wave?

A

Sources - Hot objects
Detectors - Skin, blackened thermometer, special photographic film
Uses - Infrared cookers, heaters, TV, stereo remote control, night vision

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7
Q

What are the sources, detectors and uses of Visible Light?

A

Sources - Luminous objects
Detectors - eyes, photographic film, light-dependent resistors
Uses - Seeing, communication, photography

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8
Q

What are the sources, detectors and uses of Ultra Violet?

A

Sources - UV lamps, Sun
Detectors - Skin, photographic film, fluorescent chemicals
Uses - Fluorescent tubes, UV tanning lamps

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9
Q

What are the sources, detectors and uses of X-rays?

A

Sources - X-ray tubes
Detectors - photographic film
Uses - x-radiography to observe the internal structure of objects

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10
Q

What are the sources, detectors and uses of Gamma rays?

A

Sources - radioactive materials
Detectors - Geiger-Müller tube
Uses - Sterilizing equipment, food processing, radiotherapy.

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11
Q

What is the smallest wavelength in EM spectrum?

A

Gamma rays

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12
Q

What is the longest wavelength in EM spectrum?

A

Radio waves

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13
Q

Which has the most frequency in EM spectrum?

A

Gamma rays

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14
Q

Which has the least frequency in EM spectrum?

A

Radio waves

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15
Q

Why food place in a microwave oven cooks more quickly than in a normal oven?

A

Because water molecules in the food absorb the microwaves and become very hot.

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16
Q

Microwaves can also heat body tissues.

A

True

17
Q

The hotter the object, the ——- infrared energy it will emit.

A

More

18
Q

Why infrared waves are not that harmful?

A

Because they have low penetrating power.

19
Q

What is visible light from lasers used to read?

A

It is used to read compact discs and barcodes.

20
Q

What does overexposure of infrared waves result?

A

Skin burnt

21
Q

Which wave is used to send signals along optical fibers?

A

Visible light

22
Q

What can overexposure of UV light result?

A

Damage to human eyes and skin.

23
Q

How to prevent UV light exposure?

A

By wearing protective goggles or glasses and skin creams to block the UV rays.

24
Q

Why is ozone layer important?

A

The ozone layer in Earth’s atmosphere absorb large quantities of the sun’s UV radiation.

25
Q

Why fluorescent tubes glow?

A

Because the UV light they produce strikes a special coating on the inside of the tube, which then emits visible light.

26
Q

What can overexposure of x-ray cause?

A

It can cause cancers.

27
Q

What are uses of x-rays?

A
  • To check internal structure of objects
  • As part of the security checking procedures in airports
28
Q

Why x-rays can be used check for broken bones?

A

Because they can pass easily through soft body tissue but cannot pass through bones.

29
Q

Gamma rays can cause damage to living cell.

A

True

30
Q

What does damage cause by gamma rays result?

A

It can cause mutation, leading to cancer.

31
Q

Why can gamma rays use in food preservation?

A

It is used to kill microorganism to preserve food longer.

32
Q

How to prevent overexposure of gamma rays?

A

The use of lead screens, boxes and aprons.

Physics (8 decks)

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