The Elbow And Radio-ulnar Region, Bones, Joints And Accessory Movements Flashcards
What joint causes flexion and extension
Elbow joint
What joints cause pronation and supination
Proximal/superior radio-ulnar joint
Middle radio-ulnar joint
Distal/inferior radio-ulnar joint
What joints are in the elbow
Humero-ulnar joint - synovial hinge
Humero-radial joint - modified ball and socket joint
Superior radio-ulnar joint - synovial pivot joint
Explain the elbow joints
Synovial hinge joint uniaxial, joint line 2cm below medial epicondyle to 1cm below lateral epicondyle.
(Carry angle 10-15 degrees in men 20-25 in women
Humero-ulnar joint - trochlea of distal humerus and trochlear notch of proximal ulna.
Humero-radial joint - capitulum of distal humerus and proximal head of radius
Explain the ulna collateral ligament
It has a capsule. It has a thick triangular band which fans out from the medial epicondyle and has anterior, posterior and intermediate portions inserting onto the medial aspect of the cornoid process and olecranon
Explain the radial collateral ligament
It is a single, triangular thickened band from the lateral epicondyle to the annular ligament
What movements occur at the elbow, their range and what muscles do the movement
Flexion and extension
Movement of the humero-radial and humero-ulnar joints
Flexion 140-150 degrees - biceps and brachioradialis
Extension 0-5 degrees - triceps, anconeus
Close packed position - extension
Explain the olecranon bursa
Facilitates smooth movement of the skin over olecranon process during flexion and extension
Bursitis
Classify the superior radio ulnar joint
Synovial, pivot joint
Head of radius and radial notch of ulna
Annular ligament
Articulation included in the elbow joint capsule
Explain the annular ligament
Stabilises proximal Radio-ulnar joint
Inferior diameter small
Inner surface lined with fibrocartilage
Explain the quadrate ligament
Small ligament arising from the inferior border of the radial notch to the neck of radius
Tested by full pronation and full supination
Classify the middle radio-ulnar joint and interosseous membrane
Fibrous joint (syndesmosis) Interosseus membrane 2 layers in opposite direction Serves as an attachment for deep muscles Stabilises radius and ulna
Classify the inferior radio-ulnar joint
Uniaxial synovial pivot joint
Convex lower head of ulna
Concave ulnar notch of distal radius
Capsule
What are the accessory movements of the radio-ulnar joint
Superior radio-ulnar joint - a-p - p-a - longitudinal caudad and cephalad Inferior radio-ulnar joint - a-p - p-a
What muscles flex the elbow joint
Brachialis
Biceps brachii
Brachioradialis
