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Musculoskeletal Exam 3 > The Elbow > Flashcards

The Elbow Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 functions of the elbow?

A
  • Enables proper positioning of the hand
  • Allows transmission of power from the shoulder to the hand
  • Augmenting the versatility and agility of the UE
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2
Q

What are the 3 joints of the elbow?

A
  • Humeroulnar joint
  • Humeroradial joint
  • Proximal radioulnar joint
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3
Q

Describe the margins of the anterior elbow joint capsule

A

Originates from the distal humerus proximal to the radial and coronoid fossa

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4
Q

Describe the margins of the posterior elbow joint capsule

A

Attaches distally along the articular margin of the sigmoid notch and proximal aspect of the olecranon fossa

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5
Q

What is the capsular pattern for the humeroulnar joint?

A

Flexion > Extension

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6
Q

What is the resting position for the humeroulnar joint?

A

70 degrees of elbow flexion and 10 degrees of supination

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7
Q

What is the closed packed position for the humeroulnar joint?

A

Extension and supination

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8
Q

What is the humeroradial joint aka?

A

Radiocapitellar joint

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9
Q

What is the capsular pattern for the humeroradial joint?

A

Flexion > Extension

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10
Q

What is the resting position for the humeroradial joint?

A

Full extension and full supination

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11
Q

What is the closed packed position for the humeroradial joint?

A

Elbow flexed to 90 degrees and the forearm supinated to 5 degrees

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12
Q

What is it called when the radial head becomes dislocated?

A

Nursemaid’s elbow

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13
Q

What is the capsular pattern for the proximal radioulnar joint?

A

Equal limitation of supination and pronation

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14
Q

What is the resting position for the radioulnar joint?

A

35 degrees of supination and 70 degrees of elbow flexion

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15
Q

What is the closed packed position for the radioulnar joint?

A

5 degrees supination

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16
Q

What are the functions of the Medial Collateral (Ulnar) Ligament?

A

Supports the medial humeroulnar joint and form a tunnel with the FCU for the ulnar nerve

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17
Q

What are the functions of the Lateral Collateral (radial) Ligament?

A
  • to maintain the humeroulnar and humeroradial joints when the elbow is loaded in supination
  • stabilize the proximal radioulnar joint during full supination and pronation
18
Q

What is the function of the annular ligament?

A

Checks displacement of the radial head

19
Q

What forms the floor of the cubital tunnel?

A

medial collateral ligament

20
Q

What forms the roof of the cubital tunnel?

A

aponeurosis, arcute ligament

21
Q

What forms the anterior aspect of the cubital tunnel?

A

medial epicondyle

22
Q

What forms the posterior aspect of the cubital tunnel?

A

medial head of the triceps

23
Q

What forms the lateral aspect of the cubital tunnel?

A

olecranon

24
Q

What travels through the cubital tunnel?

A

the ulnar nerve

25
Q

When is the volume of the cubital tunnel the greatest?

A

when the elbow is in extension

26
Q

Moving the elbow into full flexion decreases the size of the cubital tunnel volume by __%

A

55%

27
Q

What is considered the entryway to the forearm?

A

The cubital fossa

28
Q

What forms the lateral boundary of the cubital fossa?

A

Brachioradialis and ECRL muscles

29
Q

What forms the medial boundary of the cubital fossa?

A

Pronator Teres muscle

30
Q

What forms the proximal boundary of the cubital fossa?

A

imaginary line that passes through the humeral condyles

31
Q

What forms the floor of the cubital fossa?

A

Brachialis muscle

32
Q

What are the contents of the cubital fossa?

A
  • Tendon of biceps brachii- Median nerve
  • Brachial artery
  • Radial nerve
  • Median cubital or intermediate cubital cutaneous vein
33
Q

Describe the concept of force couples of the elbow

A

In order for a movement to occur, muscles must balance each other out. For example, the triceps and biceps need to be balanced during elbow flexion/extension

34
Q

Male carrying angle = - degreesFeale carrying angle = - degrees

A

5-10

10-15

35
Q

A carrying angle greater than 15 degrees is considered cubitis ___.A carrying angle less than 5 degrees is considered cubitis ___.

A

valgus

varus

36
Q

What is gunstock deformity?

A

an increase in cubital varus

37
Q

If swelling occurs what position will the patient hold the hold in?

A

In the resting position, which is also position of maximum volume

38
Q

The medial collateral ligament is placed on stretch by introducing a ____ force

A

valgus

39
Q

The lateral collateral ligament is placed on stretch by introducing a ____ force

A

varus

40
Q

Reflexes: Biceps = __ Brachioradialis = __ Triceps = __

A

C5
C6
C7

Musculoskeletal Exam 3 (6 decks)

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