The Effects of Labelling

Question 1

Who distinguished between primary and secondary deviance?

Answer 1

Lemert

Question 2

Primary deviance

Answer 2

Deviant acts that aren’t publicly labelled, often trivial such as fare dodging. Primary deviants don’t view themselves as deviant as their acts aren’t part of an organised deviant way of life

Question 3

Secondary deviance

Answer 3

The result of societal reaction - being labelled. Being publically labelled as criminal stigmatises, shames and humilates aswell as exclusion from normal society. Becomes a masterstatus

Question 4

What can the master status do?

Answer 4

Create a crisis for the individual’s sense of identity or self concept

Question 5

Solution to the master status

Answer 5

Accept the deviant label and see themselves as the world sees them

Question 6

Self fulfilling prophecy

Answer 6

Individual lives up to their deviant label

Question 7

What did Jock Young study?

Answer 7

Hippy marijuana users in Notting Hill

Question 8

What were the hippies primary deviance in Young’s study?

Answer 8

Drugs as part of the hippies’ lifestyle

Question 9

What led to the hippies seeing themselves as outsiders?

Answer 9

Persecution and labelling from the police

Question 10

Result of the hippies label

Answer 10

Retreated to closed groups and developed more deviant subcultures. Drugs became a central activity - led to self fulfilling prophecy

Question 11

Labelling process

Answer 11

Primary deviance -> secondary deviance -> master status -> deviant subculture -> deviant career