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Religion in Australia Post-1945 SOR > The Effects of Dispossession > Flashcards

The Effects of Dispossession Flashcards

Discuss the continuing effect of dispossession on Aboriginal spiritualities in relation to: – separation from the land – separation from kinship groups – the Stolen Generations

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Religion Crash Course flashcards
1
Q

European settlement in …. brought … … for ….

A

1788
Competing interests
Land

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2
Q

Protection policy

A

Segregation and isolation from European communities, allowing for the taking of land.

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3
Q

Protection policy stated that the Aboriginal race was not dying, therefore it had to be ….
…, …, and … were established.

A

Protected.
Missions
Reserves
Settlements

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4
Q

Christian missionaries could … and …

A

Evangelise
‘Civilise’

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5
Q

Reserve system put in place by ….

A

1911

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6
Q

Aboriginal lives were … and … by state-run … … or … … boards.

A

Controlled
Supervised
Aboriginal Protection
Aborigines Welfare

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7
Q

What did welfare or protection boards determine for Aboriginal people?

A
  • Where they could live and travel
  • Marriage/relationships
  • Where and how children could be raised
  • Jobs and wages
  • Ownership of objects and property
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8
Q

Aboriginal people were … off their …, depriving them of …, … and ….

A

Driven
Land
Independence
Culture
Spirituality

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9
Q

While some missions … their teachings and practices to suit local … …, others had an … …of destroying … culture.

A

Adapted
Cultural traditions
Active policy
Aboriginal

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10
Q

Significance of the Land

A
  • Connects to law, spirituality, people & creation
  • Mother = responsibility to care for it
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11
Q

Significance of the Land - Example

A

“Feel the pain of the shapes of life in Country as pain to the self.”

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12
Q

Separation from land led to destruction of … and … ties, leading to … between groups.

A

Families
Cultural
Animosity (hostility)

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13
Q

Difference between traditional groups and groups in settlements and missions.

A
  • Settlement and mission groups = permanent, assigned by non-Indigenous people
  • Groups no longer able to move geographically
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14
Q

Dislocation undermined the basis of Aboriginal culture. This led to…

A
  • Difficulty maintaining identity & self-esteem
  • Lack of customary law, authority & relationship with land
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15
Q

Assimilation policy time frame

A

Late 1930s-1970s

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16
Q

Aim of assimilation

A

Aboriginal people not of ‘full blood’ to be absorbed into wider population.

17
Q

Assimilation led to…

A

Loss of identity and culture

18
Q

Due to the assimilation policy, the purpose of missions and reserves shifted to become…

A

institutions that facilitated the assimilation of mixed-race children into European society.

19
Q

Assimilation policy was in place until…

A

1972

20
Q

What was the assimilation policy replaced by?

A

Policy of self-determination

21
Q

Policy of self-determination

A

Aboriginal communities deciding the pace and nature of their own future within a diverse Australia as a result of growing Aboriginal activism.

22
Q

Separation from kinship groups led to…

A
  • Isolation from family, community and support system.
  • Destruction of culture, rituals, ceremonies, language ties and ways to pass on the Dreaming.
  • Loss of identity
23
Q

The Stolen Generations

A

Forced separation of children of Aboriginal mothers and European fathers. Occurred throughout Australia from the late 1800s, but was government policy from 1950s-1970s.

24
Q

How many children were taken in the Stolen Generations?

A

As many as 100, 000

25
Q

3 forms of separating children from families

A
  • Placement in government or church-run institutions
  • Adopting into white families
  • Fostering into white families
26
Q

Aim of the Stolen Generations as a government policy

A

Absorb ‘half-castes’ into the European community hoping that they would adopt European culture and behaviour.

27
Q

The Stolen Generations children lost…

A

Identity
Culture
Language
Spirituality
Self-esteem

28
Q

Stolen Generations - contemporary examples

A
  • Many people today still do not know who their relatives are or have been unable to track them down.
  • Lack of adequate support systems - turn to substance abuse & alcoholism
29
Q

Negative legacy of stolen generations

A
  • Breaking up families, communities & spirit
  • Identity crisis and transgenerational trauma
  • Language not passed to children, cannot communicate with family
30
Q

The Stolen Generations represents a … … effect of … on Aboriginal ….

A

Continuous
Detrimental
Dispossession
Spiritualities

Religion in Australia Post-1945 SOR (7 decks)

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