The Effects of Dispossession Flashcards
Discuss the continuing effect of dispossession on Aboriginal spiritualities in relation to: – separation from the land – separation from kinship groups – the Stolen Generations
European settlement in …. brought … … for ….
1788
Competing interests
Land
Protection policy
Segregation and isolation from European communities, allowing for the taking of land.
Protection policy stated that the Aboriginal race was not dying, therefore it had to be ….
…, …, and … were established.
Protected.
Missions
Reserves
Settlements
Christian missionaries could … and …
Evangelise
‘Civilise’
Reserve system put in place by ….
1911
Aboriginal lives were … and … by state-run … … or … … boards.
Controlled
Supervised
Aboriginal Protection
Aborigines Welfare
What did welfare or protection boards determine for Aboriginal people?
- Where they could live and travel
- Marriage/relationships
- Where and how children could be raised
- Jobs and wages
- Ownership of objects and property
Aboriginal people were … off their …, depriving them of …, … and ….
Driven
Land
Independence
Culture
Spirituality
While some missions … their teachings and practices to suit local … …, others had an … …of destroying … culture.
Adapted
Cultural traditions
Active policy
Aboriginal
Significance of the Land
- Connects to law, spirituality, people & creation
- Mother = responsibility to care for it
Significance of the Land - Example
“Feel the pain of the shapes of life in Country as pain to the self.”
Separation from land led to destruction of … and … ties, leading to … between groups.
Families
Cultural
Animosity (hostility)
Difference between traditional groups and groups in settlements and missions.
- Settlement and mission groups = permanent, assigned by non-Indigenous people
- Groups no longer able to move geographically
Dislocation undermined the basis of Aboriginal culture. This led to…
- Difficulty maintaining identity & self-esteem
- Lack of customary law, authority & relationship with land
Assimilation policy time frame
Late 1930s-1970s
Aim of assimilation
Aboriginal people not of ‘full blood’ to be absorbed into wider population.
Assimilation led to…
Loss of identity and culture
Due to the assimilation policy, the purpose of missions and reserves shifted to become…
institutions that facilitated the assimilation of mixed-race children into European society.
Assimilation policy was in place until…
1972
What was the assimilation policy replaced by?
Policy of self-determination
Policy of self-determination
Aboriginal communities deciding the pace and nature of their own future within a diverse Australia as a result of growing Aboriginal activism.
Separation from kinship groups led to…
- Isolation from family, community and support system.
- Destruction of culture, rituals, ceremonies, language ties and ways to pass on the Dreaming.
- Loss of identity
The Stolen Generations
Forced separation of children of Aboriginal mothers and European fathers. Occurred throughout Australia from the late 1800s, but was government policy from 1950s-1970s.
How many children were taken in the Stolen Generations?
As many as 100, 000
