the early republic content

Question 1

what unity came from the end of the war?

Answer 1

very little, no unifying and powerful governments emerged, instead the army relied on 13 individually self governing colonies

Question 2

what did the articles of confederation avoid?

Answer 2

using terms such as united government

Question 3

what did the articles of confederation allow for?

Answer 3

national army, paper money, national commander and obligation to serve and negotiations with foreign powers

Question 4

what didn’t the articles allow for

Answer 4

-raise taxes
-imposing taxes
-no uniform law
-no war cabinet
-state governments, not central

Question 5

what were the main issues in the early days of the early republic

Answer 5

-limitations of the articles
-division
-desire for liberty
-debt
-expansion
-differences between N and S
-Uncertainty

Question 6

why was division an issue in early days?

Answer 6

-loyalists divided from patriots
-loyalists fleed to british canada to avoid persecution
-Elites divided from middle sort
-virtual civil war broke out in south over this
-divide between white and NA
-struggle to maintain liberty

Question 7

why was desire for liberty an issue in early days?

Answer 7

-Jefferson saw overall american gov as unatural and uneccesary
-true liberty being free from state control
-little enthusiasm for a government

Question 8

why was debt an issue in the early days?

Answer 8

-brought by the economic burden of war
-congress raised money by borrowing from abroad and individuals
-divided between creditors and debtors
-printed money, more money, more inflation, higher prices

Question 9

why was expansion an issue in the early days?

Answer 9

-1780s, rapid population growth
-increased pressure to expand
-increased attacks on NA
-prospect of conflict with spain
-spain, florida, louisianna, stopped expansiona as they controlled mississippi
- law and order needed but not met

Question 10

why was expansion an issue in the early days?

Answer 10

-1780s, rapid population growth
-increased pressure to expand
-increased attacks on NA
-prospect of conflict with spain
-spain, florida, louisianna, stopped expansiona as they controlled mississippi
- law and order needed but not met

Question 11

why were problems between N and S an issue in the early days?

Answer 11

-slave economy developing differently to the trading and farming economy
-southern colonies deeply divided during war and may have led too seperate southern union.

Question 11

why were problems between N and S an issue in the early days?

Answer 11

-slave economy developing differently to the trading and farming economy
-southern colonies deeply divided during war and may have led too seperate southern union.

Question 11

why were problems between N and S an issue in the early days?

Answer 11

-slave economy developing differently to the trading and farming economy
-southern colonies deeply divided during war and may have led too seperate southern union.

Question 12

why was uncertainty an issue in the early days?

Answer 12

-no certainty the republican form of gov would survive
-talks of a restored monarchy

Question 13

what was the northwest ordinance

Answer 13

1787, the idea of creating new states in western land to free from slavery, jeffersons idea

-set up a way for territories to become intergrated into the union
-5000 a non voting rep could be sent to congress
-60,000 and it became a state, 1803 ohio was the first

fugitive slaves couldnt settle in the land, and slave owners had the right to capture

Question 14

why and what was the philly conference

Answer 14

-increasing concern over new republic
-original plan to reform, not to start fresh
-

Question 15

what was needed in the new republic

Answer 15

-tarrifs to protect goods
-restrict paper money, which was devaluing currency
-slave owners wanted to know that their ‘property’ was secure
-federal support in westward regions
-debts repayed

Question 16

what was shays rebellion and its impact?

Answer 16

-farmers loosing land because of debt faced court proceedings
-protests led by army veterans still owed wages
-1500 farmers prevented court hearings
-blocked ways for judges
-disorders main reason for philly convention
-james madison, advocate for change
-

Question 17

what was a major issue at the convention, why and what did they do?

Answer 17

slavery

-concerns about the cruelty
-40% southern population was slaves, economies depended on slave labour which was the ossue

-if slavery abolished, they would not accept new constitution
-not every mentioned directly as a result

3/5 agreement, to ensure south still had representation in house of representatives

-also meant they contributed more to federal budget which they didnt want

Question 18

what was the solution to give the gov more power without enforcing across colonies?

Answer 18

-president

Question 19

how did they prevent gov having too much power?

Answer 19

-a balance of power, special body, supreme court
-congress had to pass all laws affecting all states
-president could veto laws
-president could make key decisions in regards to peace and war
-president could be voted out after 4 years
-supreme court could block laws that seemed unconstitutional

Question 20

how did they make sure rights of smaller states werent lost?

Answer 20

-two houses of the legislature

-the senate, 2 reps from each state, no matter the size always 2

-house of representatives, depended on the size, every 30,000 1 representative

-slaves 3/5 of 1 person

-contribution to budget also dependent on size, meaning smaller ones didn’t have an unfair financial burden

Question 21

what was the great compromise

Answer 21

-Senate, every state 2 representative no matter the size

-house of representatives, every 30,000 white inhabitents, 1 representative

Question 22

what was the 3/5th compromise

Answer 22

south wanted representation from house of representatives on slave population as was 40% of their pop, but didnt want to pay the money to the republic

slave made up 3/5ths of a person, so still contributed to population numbers

south still had to pay the payments

Question 23

what did the federalists want?

Answer 23

-ratifying the constitution
-stronger national gov
-to protect the rights, not take away liberties

Question 24

what were the federalist papers

Answer 24

series of essays, calling for ratification, james madison, john jay, hamilton.

Question 25

what did the anti federalists want?

Answer 25

-opponants of constitution
-feared power elites would have in central gov positions
- believed state gov would be more responsive to needs of people

Question 26

what was hamiltons 3 part economic plan

Answer 26

-debt should be funded, giving holders a stake in new gov
-state bank/ treasury
-tarrifs on imports

Question 27

what was proposed with the national bank?

Answer 27

-Gov would hold 20%, making it the govs financial agent
-Other 80% would come from private investors
-Aid collection of taxes

Question 28

what were the fears of the national bank?

Answer 28

-madison feared that it would allow few rich bankers to have undue influence over economy
-madison failed to block plan, wasnt considered in congress as unconstitutional

Question 29

was hamiltons financial plan a success?

Answer 29

yes- restored public credit, productivity and propherity
no- didnt bring together the union as hoped

Question 30

what was included in the American foreign and western policy 1893-96

Answer 30

-impact of french rev and beliefs
-washingtons neutrality proclomation
-jays treaty
-british problems
-pickneys treaty

Question 31

what was the neurality proclomation

Answer 31

1793, USA would remain nuetral in conflicts between france and britain

-legal proceedings for americans who attempted either side

Question 32

what were the problems with the british and what was the peace treaty called.

Answer 32

-hadnt completely left america
-ignored americas neutrality
-supplies NA with weapons
-Siezed ships

treaty of grenville 1794

Question 33

what was the jays treaty

Answer 33

1794
-british evacuated posts in america
-GB forced to pay for ships, didnt pay for slaves
-angered south
-jeffersonians wanted war
-washington refused

Question 34

what was the pickney treaty

Answer 34

1795
-established friendly relations, would respect borders
-given rights to mississippi river
-defined border between us and florida
-Wouldnt use NA against one another

Question 35

what was washingtons policy towards NA

Answer 35

-1798 wanted a fair policy towards NA
-sovreign of NA homelands, eventually intergrating them into america
-stopped tresspassing
-hard to hold back surge of white settlers
-south werent happy having some of their land sold

Question 36

what was the whiskey insurrection

Answer 36

-huge tax on liquor
-tax led to uprisings and riots
-mock guillotines
-washington used militia

Question 37

what were the bill of rights

Answer 37

-right to freedom
-right to bare arms
etc etc etc