The Dynamics of Police Organizations Flashcards
1
Q
According to the concept of organizations,Undoubtedly the first organizations have been identified as A) groups of people B) Primitive hunting parties C) packs of animals D) All of the above
A
B) Primitive Hunting Parties. Chp1 Pg4.
2
Q
The definition of an organization as listed in the text is defined as.
A) a group that has come together from different backgrounds to achieve a common goal or set of goals.
B) A consciously coordinated social entity with a relative identifiable boundary, that functions on a relatively continuous basis to achieve a common goal or set of goals.
C) A coordinated social effort among a wide range of the social community who aspire to achieve a common goal or set of goals.
D) All off the above.
E) None of the above.
A
B) A consciously coordinated social entity with a relative identifiable boundary, that functions on a relatively continuos basis to to achieve a common goal or set of goals. Chp1 Pg4
3
Q
What does the term consciously coordinates define? A) Organization B) Supervision C) Society C) a group of people
A
B) Supervision. Ch1 Pg4
4
Q
T/F A social entity refers to the fact that organizations are composed of people who interact with one another and with people in other organizations.
A
TRUE Chp1 Pg4
5
Q
_________ ________ Boundary alludes to the organizations and the public served.
A) Often Identifiable.
B) Relatively Identifiable.
C) Easily Identifiable
D) Irregularly Identifiable.
A
B) Relatively Identifiable Chp1 Pg4
6
Q
T/F it is the supervisors and managers who are most often responsible for ensuring harmonious coordination in the police department.
A
True Chp 1 Pg5.
7
Q
Organizational Theory according to the text explains Which of the following
A) What an organization is.
B) How an organization works including its most complex parts.
C) How an organization operates and provides the background for understanding productivity and leadership.
D) All of the above
A
C) How an organization operates and provides the background for understanding productivity and leadership. Chp 1 Pg5
8
Q
Many consider this man to be the father of scientific management. A) Fredrick Winslow Taylor B) Winslow Fredrick Taylor C) Taylor Winlsow Fredricks D) Winston Fredrick Churchill
A
A) Fredrick Winslow Taylor Chp1 Pg5
9
Q
T/F Terms such as Authority, Chain of command, Span of control and division of labor have become part of the workplace vocabulary.
A
True Chp1 pg 5
10
Q
Functional Supervision is defined as
A) A group or set of supervisors who take charge of a group or set of subordinates.
B) Several different supervisors assigning tasks to a group of persons in the workplace.
C) Having several different supervisors on a job so that each one oversaw a particular aspect or part of the job, a part he/she has expertise in and could provide adequate supervision.
D) Having several Different supervisors assign tasks on the workplace as they fit to achieve a common goal of getting the job done.
A
C) Having several different supervisors on a job so that each one oversaw a particular aspect or part of the job, a part he/she has expertise in and could provide adequate supervision. Chp1 Pg5
11
Q
T/ F Administrators, managers and supervisors exist to ensure that these units work together towards common goal; each unit working independently would lead to fragmentation, conflict, and competition and would subvert the entire organization’s goals and purposes.
A
True Chp1 Pg6.
12
Q
T/ F All organizations in modern society are seen as bureaucracies.
A
True Chp1 Pg7.
13
Q
in the 1970's experts such as \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ were contending that the military-bureaucratic organizations of the police was a serious handicap that created obstacles to the development of a truly professional police system A) Eugene Winters. B) Egon Bittner. C) Eugene Bittner D )Egon Winters.
A
B) Egon Bittner Chp1 Pg7.
14
Q
T/F The criticism continues today as proponents of community policing advocate that bureaucratic police departments should be decentralized so that decisions are made at lower levels of the department, allowing operational units to better meet citizens demands
A
True Chp1 Pg7
15
Q
According to traditional thought what is the number of subordinates that a police supervisor can effectively supervise? A) 5 B) 7 C) 11 D) 15 E) 18
A
B) 7 Chp1 PG7.
16
Q
P.O.S.D.C(O)R.B. is an acronym which stands for
A) Planning, Organizing, Supervision, Development Coordinating , Reporting and Budgeting.
B) Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing , Coordinating, Reporting and Budgeting.
C) Planning, Organizing, Society, development, Coordinating , Reporting and Budgeting .
D) None of the above.
A
B) Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing, Coordinating, Reporting and Budgeting.
Chp1 Pg9.
17
Q
Administrative theory concentrates on A) Simpler Principles B) Broader Principles C) Ever evolving Principles C) Complex Principles
A
B) Broader Principles
Chp1 Pg 8
18
Q
Key contributors to the school of Administrative theory are identified as A) Henri Fayol B) Luther Gulick C) Lyndall Urwick D) A&B ONLY E) ALL of the above F) B&C only
A
E) All of the above Chp1 Pg8
19
Q
Gulick and Urwick believed work should be coordinated in groups with one supervisor in charge. This concept is known as SPAN OF CONTROL. What is the commonly known span of control in policing? A) 4-6 Officers B) 6-10 Officers C) 10-14 Officers D) 14-18 Officers
A
B) 6-10 Officers. Chp1 Pg 10.
20
Q
Taylor's Scientific management theory and Gulick and Urwick's principles of management, became known as what ? A) Organizational Theory. B) Advanced Organizational Theory C) Classical Organizational Theory D) Retrospective Organizational Theory.
A
C) Classical Organizational Theory. CHp1 Pg 10.
21
Q
Unity of Command as an organizational principle dictates what?
A) Every officer should report to different supervisors.
B) Every officer should report to one and only one supervisor.
C) Every officer should be in charge of their own area of responsibility.
D) Every Officer should have an area of responsibility.
A
B) Every Officer should report to one and only one supervisor. Chp1 Pg 10.
22
Q
The Hawthorne experiment provided a first glimpse at \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Theory A) Classical Relations. B) Human Relations. C) Advanced Relations. D) Ever Evolving.
A
B) Human Relations Theory. CHp1 Pg14
23
Q
T/F It is better to have span of control that is too wide than to have too many layers of management.
A
True. CHp1 pg11.
24
Q
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ provides the preferred methods for handling matters pertaining to investigation, patrol, booking, radio use, use of force ETC… A) Policies. B) Procedures. C) Rules. D) Regulations.
A
B) Procedures. Chp1 Pg2
25
```
________ are specific guidelines that leave little or no latitude for individual discretion.
A) Polices
B) Rules.
C) Procedures.
D) Rules and Regulations.
```
D) Rules and Regulations. Chp1 pg 12.
26
```
_________ are quite general and serve as guides to thinking, rather than action
A) Rules.
B) Rules and Regulations
C) Policies.
D) Procedures.
```
C) Policies. Chp1 pg12
27
T/F According to Douglas McGregor; Theory X views employees negatively and see the need for structured organization with strict hierarchal lines and close supervision.
True Chp1 pg14.
28
T/F According to Douglas McGregor;Theory Y views on employees is more humanistic and believes they are capable of being motivated and productive.
True Chp1 pg 14.
29
```
In the first half of the last century, police managers were strongly influenced by the reform movement that swept the nation. corruption was rampant and the key words for resolving problems were________ and __________
A) Discipline and punishment.
B) Efficiency and Control
C) Efficiency and discipline
D) Control and Discipline.
```
B) Efficiency and Control. Chp1 pg 15.
30
```
The Systems theory has its roots in
A) Physiology
B) Biology
C) sociology
D) Eptimology
```
B) Biology Chp1 Pg15.
31
T/F The systems approach emphasizes the interdependence and interrelationship of each and every part to the whole.
True Chp1 Pg 15
32
Over time three different schools of organization have evolved. They are __________, ___________ and __________.
A) Classical, theoretical and systems.
B) Classical, organizational and systems.
C) Classical, theoretical and organizational.
D) Theoretical, organizational and systems.
E) Classical, human relations and systems
E) Classical, human relations and systems.
| Chp1 pg16
33
```
This _______ organization may help or harm the goals of the formal organization and carry gossip, mis information and malicious rumors. Therefore supervisors must recognize that this organization exist within their agency.
A) Formal.
B) Informal.
C) Classic.
D) Theoretical
```
b) Informal. Chp1 Pg18.
34
What does COPPS stand for?
Community Oriented Policing & Problem Solving. Chp1 Pg18
35
Fact sheet-------- THe most common characteristic of change is peoples resistance to it.
Police managers must be viable change agents.
Chp1. P19
36
COPPS implementation ties together four key areas.
A) Leadership, Human Resources Field Operations and Internal Relations.
B) Leadership, Human Resources, Field Operations and External Relations.
C) Leadership/administration, Human Resources, Field Operations and Internal Relations.
D) Leadership/administration, Human Resources, Field Operations and External Relations.
D) Leadership/administration, Human Resources, Field Operations and External Relations. CHp1 Pg 20.
37
Fact Sheet---One of the most important members of an organization is the supervisor, who is directly and regularly in touch with those employees who actually do the work of the organization and interacts with its customers and clients.
The assessment center methods has surfaced as an efficacious means of promoting personnel.
Typically the written examination is generic and is a basic, necessary starting point for the candidate but alone it does not sufficiently ensure success in police administration and leadership.
For These reasons the assessment center method is used by many police agencies and is considered the most valid and reliable method to rank-order candidates (Hughes, 2006).
Chp 2. Pg26.
38
According to (Likert,1961 he visualized a _______ ________System whereby each supervisor in the chain of command was a coordinator and conduit of information between the high level of management and the lower level of workers. In this fashion, the supervisor is able to maintain a balance between upper-level expect ions and subordinates expectations.
A) Connecting pin
B) Linking pin
C) Intertwined pin
D) Abstract pIn
B) Linking PIn.
39
Fact Sheet …. A balance between departmental direction and subordinate needs must be maintained. Even when maintaining this balance, the manger or supervisor must ensure that the integrity of the directive is maintained. This is critical to the police organization.
The step from officer to supervisor is a big one that calls for a new set of skills and knowledge largely separate from that learned at lower levels in the organization.
When new supervisors attempt to correct deficient behavior, their own previous performance may be recalled as a means of challenging the reasonableness or legitimacy of their supervisory action. Supervisors with any skeletons in the closet can expect to hear those skeletons rattling as they begin to use their new-found authority. This places a a great deal of pressure on the supervisor.
chp2 pgs28-29
40
Human Element is defined as
A) People are simple and sometimes unpredictable
B) People are complex and sometimes predicable
C) People are simple and sometimes predictable
D) People are complex and sometimes unpredictable
D) People are complex and sometimes unpredictable. CHp2 Pg 29.
41
```
Effective supervision is also difficult because the job is __________ not __________.
A) static not dynamic
B) dynamic not static
C) unpredictable and dangerous.
D) unpredictable and complex.
```
B) Dynamic not static. Chp2 pg 3o
42
R.S. Engel (2001) studied police supervision and found four distinct types _____________, ___________, ___________ and _________.
A) traditional, complex, simple and active
B traditional, simple, active and supportive
C) traditional, innovative supportive and active
D) traditional, innovative, complex and active
C) traditional, innovative , supportive and active. Chp2 Pg 31.
43
```
Traditional supervisor is a law enforcement oriented. Traditional supervisors expect their subordinates to produce high levels of measurable activities. Traditional supervisors are _______ ________
A) Task managers
B) Task oriented
C) Task minded
D) Tiscut a taskit
```
B) task oriented. Chp2 page 31
44
```
Traditional supervisors often have ________ and _______ problems with their subordinates.
A) complex and morale
B) morale and motivation
C) control and motivation
D) All of the above
```
B) morale and motivation Chp2 pg31.
45
```
The ________ supervisor is closely associated with community policing .
A) traditional
B) active
C) innovative
D) supportive
```
C) innovative. Chp2 pg32.
46
```
The ________ supervisor is concerned with protecting officers from what are viewed as unfair management practices.
A) traditional
B) active
C) innovative
D) supportive
```
D) supportive Chp2 pg 32
47
```
The _______ supervisor are able to develop more productive work unit because of their ability to lead by example
A) traditional
B) active
C) innovative
D) supportive
```
B) active Chp2 pg32.
48
```
The role of a supervisor is affected by the strength of the ________ ________.
A) community citizens
B) police department
C) police culture
D) police community
```
C) police culture chp2 pg 39.
49
```
___________ ___ ____________ states that a superior does not have the time to supervise all the activities under his/her control and therefore, should devote energy and time only to this exceptional tasks or activities.
A) management by rule
B) management by exception
C) management by law
D) management by situation
```
B) management by exception. Chp2 pg 40
50
What does PIO stand for?
public Information officer. Chp2 pg 41
51
Good to great organizations have a _________ ____ ________ in which employees show extreme diligence and intensity in their thoughts an factions, always focussing on implementing the organization's mission, purpose and goals.
A) culture of hierarchy
B) culture of administration
C) Culture of discipline
D) Culture of personalities
C) culture of discipline Chp3 Pg 49
52
_______ _______ was named Deputy commissioner of crime control and designed COMPSTAT which is used in countless agencies around of world.
A) Jack Kelly
B) William Kelly
C) Jack Maple
C) William Maple
C) Jack Maple. Chp 3 Pg50.
53
```
What is it referred to when subordinates do not respect their leader or question his/ her directive.
A) disrespect of authority
B) zone of indifference
C) unhappy work environment
D) refusal to obey
```
B) zone of indifference Ch3 Pg51
54
```
According to Katz(1974); what are the three skills a leader should posses.
A) tolerance, authority, acceptance
B) authority, acceptance , knowledge
C) technical, human, conceptual
D) human, conceptual, authority
```
C) technical,human, conceptual Chp3 pg51
55
```
__________ is defined as the capacity to translate knowledge into action in such a way that a task is accomplished successfully.
A) tolerance
B) skill
C) work
D) performance
```
B) Skill Chp3 Pg 51
56
Situational leadership has four basic concepts, which are
A) telling, doing, participating and delegating
B) telling, selling, doing and participating
C) telling, selling, doing and delegating
D) telling, selling, participating and delegating
D) telling, telling, participating and delegating Chp3 Pg54
57
```
Who founded the humanistic school of physiology
A) Abraham Paslov
B) Abraham Maslov
C) Abraham Maslow
D) Abraham Paslow
```
C) Abraham Maslow Chp 3 Pg 59.
58
```
This theory holds that people are motivated primarily by a self need that affects behavior ?
A) acceptance theory
B) expectancy theory
B) humanistic theory
C) ritualistic theory
```
B) expectancy theory Chp 3 pg 63
59
```
D McClelland(1964) identified three motives or needs that are important to individuals within and an organization.
A) achievement, rank, affiliation
B) achievement, power, respect
C) achievement, power, affiliation
D) achievement, rank, respect
```
C) achievement, power, affiliation Chp3 pg63
60
What are the five leadership styles discussed in the managerial grid ?
A) Authority,country club, middle of road, Impoverished, and separatist.
B) Authority, country club, middle of road, embellished and team management
C) Authority, country club,middle of road, improvised, team management.
D) authority,country club, middle of road, impoverished, team management.
D) Authority,country club, middle of road, impoverished , team management. Cp3 Pg66
61
There are twelve traits listed. 10 are required of successful leaders: name the two incorrect ones: traits, intelligence, experience, originality, teaching ability, knowledge of human behavior, likable, courage, tenacity, aggressiveness, sense of justice and fair play
Likable and aggressiveness. Chp 3. pg65.
62
```
According to situational leadership it requires the leader to evaluate follower responsibility in two ways. Name them
A) adaptability and competence
B) knowledge and adaptability
C) motivation and adaptability
D) motivation an competence
```
D) motivation and adaptability Chp3 pg68
63
Pick the incorrect statement according to the four basic theories of Contingency theory
A) sense of competence
B) the way people fill this need varies from person to person,
C) competent motivation is most likely to occur when there is a fit between task and organization,
D) A person with a sense of authority will follow authority figure
E) a sense of competence continues to motivate people even after competence is achieved.P
D) a person with a sense of authority will follow the authority figure. Chp 3 Pg 70
64
According to LInkert's (1961) what are the four leadership styles.
A) exploitive benevolent, conservative and consultative.
B) exploitive, benevolent, conservative and participative.
C) Exploitive, benevolent, participative, and conservative
D) exploitive, benevolent, consultative and participative.
D) exploitive, benevolent, consultative and participative. Chp 3 pg's 71-73.
65
Name the three correct type of problem bosses: 1)ticket punchers,2) unmotivated, 3)spot lighters, 4)mega delegators, 5)station bosses,6) in the know bosses.
```
A) 1, 2, 4
B) 1, 3, 4
C) 4, 5, 6
D) 5, 4, 1
E) 2, 4, 6
F) 1, 4, 6
```
B) Chp 3 pg75.
66
What does the acronym CPTED stand for?
Crime Prevention through environmental design. Chp 4 Pg 82.
67
T/F COPPS is a reactive philosophy that promotes solving problems that are criminal, affect our quality of life, or increase our fear of crime as well as other community issues.
False COPPS is a PROACTIVE philosophy that promotes problems that are criminal, affect our quality of life, or increase our fear of crime as well as other community issues. CHp4 pg 82.
68
T/F COPPS is soft on crime because it is smarter and more creative policing.
False. COOPS is NOT soft on crime it is in fact tougher on crime because it is smarter and more creative.
69
What does the acronym S.A.R.A Stand for ?
Scan Analysis Response Assessment. Chp 4 Pg86.
70
What does the acronym GIS stand for?
Geographical Information Systems Chp 4 Pg 87
71
What is the most difficult an important step in S.A. R.A?
Analysis. Chp 4 Pg 87
72
A crime will occur when there are three elements present . What are they?
suitable victim, a motivated offender, and a location
73
T/F Arrest is often viewed as the only response to a problem even though it is rarely sufficient to provide more permanent solutions.
True Chp 4 Pg88
74
What does SCP stand for?
Situational Crime Prevention. Chp 4 Pg 89.
75
```
What is the link between the street officers and organizations ?
A) Rules
B) Sergeants
C) community
D) sense of Pride
```
B) Sergeants. Chp 4 Pg 90
76
```
Supervising in a COPPS environment means a change from being a ___________ to a __________.
A) motivator to a facilitator
B) Controller to a motivator
C) Controller to facilitator
D) friend to a boss
```
C) controller to a facilitator . Chp 4 Pg 90
77
Fact Sheet… A relatively new crime management tool used in problem solving is COMPSTAT which is a strategic control system designed for the collection and feedback of information on crime and related quality of life issues.
COMPSTAT has been summarized as: collect, analyze and map crime eta and other essentials police performance measures on a regular basis and hold police mangers accountable for their performance a smeared by these data.
The core management theories of COMPSTAT are _______ AND ________.
```
The key elements of COMPSTAT are
..Specific objectives
..Accurate and timely intelligence
..Effective tactics
..Rapid deployment of personnel resources
..Relentless follow- up and assessment.
```
COMPSTAT pushes all precints to generate weekly crime activity sheets so they canbe held accountable for the achievement of several objectives.
Directing and Controlling CHp 4 PG97
78
The communication channel through which a message is transmitted or sent to recipients has two components _______ and __________.
A) formal and informal
B) formal and medium
C) formal and requested
D) none of the above
A) formal and informal. Chp 5 Pg 108
79
Define communication
The process by which the sender-a person, group or organization transmits some type of information to another person, group or organization
80
```
A good supervisor must be a skilled ________
A) boss
B) leader
C) negotiator
D) innovator
```
C) Negotiator Chp 5. pg 106.
81
```
Medium refers to the manner in which a ________ is sent
A) transmission
B) message
C) advocate
D) none of the above
```
B) message Chp5 pg 108
82
T/F Negotiating is not a form of communicating.
False.. It IS a form of communicating. Chp 5 Pg 115.
83
```
What are the three criteria used to judge the effectiveness of negotiation
A) quality, quantity, cost
B) quantity, harmony, cost
C) quality, quantity, harmony
D) quality, cost, harmony
```
D) Quality -refers to-- attempts of both sides to come to a win-win
COST-refers to- time and energy spent negotiating.
HARMONY-refers to feelings of personnel about the department and its members after the conflict ids resolved. Chp 5 pg116.
84
Define organizational conflict
Organizational conflict is a situation in which two or more people disagree over issues of organizational substance and experience some emotional antagonism with one another. Chp5 pg 119
85
What does PTO stand for?
POlice Training Officer program. CHp 6 Pg 142
86
T/F In-Service Training is most commonly utilized method for maintaining and improving officer performance and competency and may also reduce the likelihood of citizen complaints and future litigation.
True Chp 6 Pg 145.
87
A supervisor must have five domains of responsibility/ skill. which five area correct
A) conceptual, perpetual, leadership, interpersonal and technical
B) conceptual, leadership, interpersonal, technical, and leadership
C) conceptual, leadership, interpersonal, administrative and technical
D) Conceptual, perpetual, leadership, interpersonal and technical
C) conceptual, leadership,interpersonal, administrative and technical. Chp 6 Pg 151.
88
T/F A supervisor may not be held accountable for the negligence and wrongful acts of their subordinates.
False.. A supervisor MAY be held accountable for the negligence an wrongful acts of their subordinates. Chp 6 Pg 157.
89
Why is Productivity measurement important?
because supervisors must make judgments about the relative success of their subordinates and operational units.
90
T/F Nearly every activity a police officer performs can be measured with the exception of crime prevention, as it is not possible to know whether or not directed patrol in an area or some other reactivity has reduced crime
TRUE Chp 7Pg 164
91
Define effectiveness
How well task is performed. Chp 7 Pg165
92
T/F Equity refers to the quality of police services delivered to various groups n the community
TRUE. Chp 7 Pg 166
93
T/F Accountability refers to whether or not resources are used for proper purposes and infers that police are public servants and consequently, should provide services that meet public concerns and needs.
TRUE Chp 7 Pg 166
94
Fact Sheet..
A productive police department will have six attributes of a healthy police department
1) A department knows what it wants.
2) a healthy or productive department knows its citizens
3) It also knows its business
4) A department must understand the demand sod the business
5) A good department knows its people
6) A productive department provides its constants with feedback on police activities and what is occurring in the jurisdiction.
Police supervisors should provide feedback to their subordinates regarding the job that is being done and those goals and objectives that are important.
Chp 7 Pg168.
95
Name the four important innovations that have contributed to improved productivity
A) planning, executing, problem solving and comp stat
B) planning, problem solving, citizen surveys and compstat
C) planning, executing, citizen surveys and compstat
D) Planning, executing, problem solving and citizen surveys
B) Planning, problem solving, citizen surveys and compstat. Chp 7 Pg 169.
96
What are the four principles that govern Compstat
A) Timely and accurate intelligence , rapid deployment, effective tactics and relentless follow-up and assessment
B) Timely and accurate intelligence, effective tactics, analysis and relentless follow up and assessment
C) Timely and accurate intelligence, rapid deployment , analysis and relentless follow up and assessment.
D) Timely and accurate intelligence, effective tactics, analysis and relentless follow up and assessment.
A) timely and accurate intelligence, rapid deployment, effective tactics and relentless follow up and assessment. Chp 7 Pg 171
97
Define social support.
IT refers to the communications and actions that lead individuals to believe that they are cared for, important, and an integral part of a network of mutual obligations. Chp8 pg 206.
98
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What is the primary cause of stress in the police organization ?
A) Community relationships
B) Personal life
C) The organization itself
D) Your feelings towards coworkers
```
C) The organization itself. Chp 8 Pg 206
99
What are the five elements of a wellness program?
physical fitness, stress management, psychological/mental health , nutrition and alcohol/chemical dependency. Chp 8 Pg 208.
