The Dual Processing Model

Question 1

What is the dual process? whats the difference?

Answer 1

There is 2 basic modes of thinking, system 1 and system 2

System 1:
- Quick automatic less effort
- prone to errors
- ignores absent evidence
- Base decisions on already established schema
- Generates impressions
- Takes short-cut, called heuristics

We are cognitive misers and want to use as little energy and effort as possible. Trying to focus for too long can deplete our ego

System 2:
- Requires concentration and effort
- Reliable yet slow
- Works with abstract concepts
- Works through logic
- Uses conscious reasoning

Because System 1 is activated before System 2 can do its work, often System 1 interferes with the effectiveness of System 2.

Question 2

Aim of Goel et al

Answer 2

to provide biological basis of how different types of memory processing take place in different parts of the brain

Question 3

Method of Goel et al

Answer 3

lab experiment
Participants were asked to carry out a logic task similar to the Wason (1968).
–> In some cases, the task was abstract in nature (for example, an odd number and a matching colour).
–> In contrast, some of the tasks were “concrete” in nature (for example, drinking beer and under 18).
–> Dring the task researchers asked them questions while doing fMRI scans

Question 4

Findings of Goel et al

Answer 4

When the task was concrete in nature, the parietal lobe was active.
When the task was abstract in nature the left hemisphere temporal lobe was active

Question 5

Conclusion of Goel et al

Answer 5

Supports system 1 and system 2 thinking because it suggests that the two thinking methods are carried out by two separate areas of the brain.