The Drainage Basin

Question 0

Precipitation (INPUT)

Answer 0

Water in any form that falls from the atmosphere to the surface of the earth.

Question 1

A drainage basin

Answer 1

An area drained by a river. It is an open system.

Question 2

Interception store

Answer 2

Process by which raindrops are prevented from directly reaching the soil surface (leaves, stems, branches).

Question 3

Vegetation store

Answer 3

Water taken up by vegetation.

Question 4

Surface store

Answer 4

Total volume of water held on the earths surface in lakes, ponds and puddles.

Question 5

Soil moisture store

Answer 5

Moisture trapped in the soil brought there by infiltration.

Question 6

Groundwater store.

Answer 6

The storage of water underground in permeable rock strata.

Question 7

Channel store

Answer 7

Water held in a river or stream channel.

Question 8

Stemflow (TRANSFER)

Answer 8

Water that runs down steam and branches to reach the ground, after interception.

Question 9

Overland flow (TRANSFER)

Answer 9

Water flows over surface of ground, as the soil is fully saturated or there is impermeable rock underneath or frozen ground.

Question 10

Infiltration (TRANSFER)

Answer 10

The movement of water from the ground surface into the soil.

Question 11

Throughflow (TRANSFER)

Answer 11

Water moves laterally through soil parallel to the surface above the water table.

Question 12

Percolation (TRANSFER)

Answer 12

The movement if water from soil down into the rocks beneath.

Question 13

Groundwater flow (TRANSFER)

Answer 13

Water has percolated deeper into the rock and flows with in the saturated zone.

Question 14

Transpiration (OUTPUt)

Answer 14

Evaporation of water from plant leaf surfaces.

Question 15

Evaporation (OUTPUT)

Answer 15

The process by which liquid water is transformed into water vapour, which is a gas. A large amount of energy is required for this to occur, thus energy is usually provided by heat from the sun.

Question 16

Evapo-transpiration (OUTPUT)

Answer 16

Loss of water from a drainage basin into the atmosphere from the surface of leaves.

Question 17

Source

Answer 17

The start of the river.

Question 18

Watershed

Answer 18

The edge of highland surrounding a drainage basin, it marks the boundary between two drainage basins.

Question 19

Tributary

Answer 19

Smaller side of the river often is leading to a longer river.

Question 20

Confluence

Answer 20

The meeting point of two rivers.

Question 21

Mouth

Answer 21

Where freshwater meets salt water.