The Doshas and Their Subtypes Flashcards
What are the Subtypes of Vata?
What element is represents each subtype?
Prāna (Ether)
Udāna (AIr)
Samāna (FIre)
Apāna (Earth)
Vyāna (Water)
What is the primary function of Vāta?
Movement
What are the physical functions of Vāta in the cardiovascular system?
What are the physical functions of Vāta in the digestive system?
What are the physical functions of Vāta in the reproductive system?
Which of the five senses is realted to Vāta?
What are the mental functions of Vāta?
What are emotional functions of Vāta?
All physical movements
Maintenance of life
Respiration
Cellular respiration and division
Heart function
Circulation
Ingestion
Peristalsis and enzyme secretion
Assimilation and absorption
Elimination of urine, feces, sweat
Menstration, delivery of a baby
Orgasm
Hearing
Touch
Communication
Governs the mind, sensory perception, and motor functions — including speech and muscular co-ordination
Movement of thoughts, feelings, and nerve impulses
Clarity
Creativity
Joy
What are the seven sites of Vāta?
pakvāshaya (colon)
kati (pelvic cavity, waist)
sakthi (thighs)
mūrdhni (head)
asthi (bones)
srotra (ears, organs of hearing)
tvak (skin, organ of touch)
What is the governing element of prāna vāyu?
What are the primary sites of prāna vāyu?
What is the function of prāna vāyu?
What is the direction of prāna vāyu?
Ether
Head, Brain
Pūrana: to fill the space
Downward, Inward
Descibe the funciton of Prāna Vāyu
Where is Prāna Vāyu located?
What is the movement of Prāna Vāyu?
What function of the brain is Prāna Vāyu connected with?
What is the action Prāna Vāyu is resposible for in the body?
What is the realtionship of Prāna Vāyu to the mind?
Prāna is present in the cranial cavity
moves downward and inward (moves from head to throat, heart, trachea, lungs, diaphragm)
Connected with higher cerebral function
Prāna is resposible for inhilation
Prāna moves the mind and prāna becomes the mind. If one controls prāna, one can control the mind. Mind is a flow of thought as the river is the flow of water. As the water so the river, the mind becomes that which it thinks.
Decribe the flow of prāna
Awareness
Attention
Perception
Sensation
Feelings
Emotion
Motionless Prāna is Pure Awareness. The moment prāna moves in a direction awareness become attention, attention becomes perception. Through perception, prāna creates sensation, the sensation becomes feelings, then thoughts arise and feelings become emotion. Emotion is the reaction to the flow of prāna and all emotions come from memory.
What are prāna vāyu disorders?
Disorders above the belly button are associated with prāna vāyu.
Palpitation means undue awareness of the heartbeat and is a prānic disorder
Dypsnea, undue awareness of respiration, or breathlessness
Anxiety, nervousness, fear and anger
Inability to focus the mind
Stroke paralysis, grand mal epilepsy, sleep apnea, tremors of Parkinson’s
Respiratory disorders including: bronchitis, asthma, pneumonia, hiccoughs and constant burping
What is the governing element of udāna vāyu?
What are the primary sites of udāna vāyu?
What is the function of udāna vāyu?
What is the direction of udāna vāyu?
Air
Diaphragm, Throat
Udvahana: moves upward
Upward
Decribe Udāna vāyu
What direction does Udāna vāyu move?
What action does Udāna vāyu have on the brain?
Where does the nerve impulse of Udāna vāyu take place?
What movement does Udāna vāyu govern?
What role does Udāna vāyu play in oxygenation?
What emotions are associated with Udāna vāyu?
What yoga poses stimulate Udāna vāyu?
Udāna is upward moving energy
It is located in the diaphragm and moves upward through the lungs, bronchi, trachea, and throat.
Udāna also goes up into the brain and stimulates memory.
Udāna is the nerve impulse that takes place at the solar plexus and tracheal plexus
It governs movement of the diaphragm and intercostals and helps the process of exhilation. It is responsible for speech and expression.
Udāna helps oxygenation, and maintains the normal skin color of the complexion.
It moves oxygenated blood upwards.
When a child is crawling on the floor and tries to raise it’s head, that is udāna. It also helps a person raise from confusion, attachment, and depression.
Shoulder stand, cobra pose and camel pose stimulate udāna
What are the disorders of udāna vāyu?
Difficulty of speech such as stuttering or muttering.
Lack of memory, lack of creativity, and no sense of goal or direction.
Supressed udāna vāyu creates depression and discoloration of the skin. It can create certain bronchial conditions such as horseness of voice, asthma, pneumonia and emphysema; as well as blushing and flushing
What is the governing element of samāna vāyu?
What are the primary sites of samāna vāyu?
What is the function of samāna vāyu?
What is the direction of samāna vāyu?
Fire
Small Intestine, Navel
Viveka: isolation, separation, splitting
Linear
Describe samāna vāyu
Where is samāna vāyu located?
What is the movement of samāna vāyu?
What physical actions does samāna vāyu govern?
What function does samāna vāyu play in digestion?
What role does samāna vāyu play in hunger?
What action does samāna vāyu have in the liver?
Samāna vāyu is present in the small intestine and navel. All movement around the belly button is samāna.
This movement is linear and outward like peristalsis.
Samāna vāyu governs digestion, absorption, and assimilation.
It moves the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
It provides stimulus for secretion of digestive juices, and is closely connected with agni.
When one feels hungry samāna is awake. Samāna sends a message to prāna asking for food. When one eats samāna stimulates the secretion of HCL and opens the pyloric valve for movement fo food into the duodenum. It brings food into the cecum “the second stomach.”
It provides the energy to secrete the liver enzymes. Samāna vāyu moves biie and enzymes from the liver to accumulate in the gall bladder, and then constricts the gallbladder and pushes the bile from the gallbladder through the bile duct into the duodenum.
What are samāna vāyu disorders?
Loss of appetite, indigestion, increased or decreased peristalsis, bloating, lack of absorption and assimilation, and poor digestion.
A disorder of samāna vāyu can create malabsorption syndrome.
Disorders at the belly button are associated with samāna vāyu.
Describe apāna vāyu.
Where is apāna vāyu located?
What is the movement of apāna vāyu?
What functions does apāna vāyu regulate in the body?
What is the relationship of apāna vāyu to the lumbosacral spine?
What areas of the nervous system does apāna vāyu regulate?
What is the relationship of apāna vāyu to the shukra dhatu?
Apāna is present in the pelvic cavity, cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, and urinary tract. It is also present in the vagina and cervix of a woman and testicles, prostate, and urethra of a man.
Its movement is downward and outward.
It regulates the function of the kidneys, and stimulates menstration, defecation, and flatulance.
Apāna is motor function working with different segments of the lumbosacral spine. Messages are carried from this area to the bladder to evacuate urine; to the rectum to evacuate feces; to the womb to produce menstration or deliver a child.
Regulates movement of the sciatic nerve and lower part of the body.
Reposible for movement of sperm and desire to make love. Stimulates ovulation, regulates menstration, nourishes the fetus and moves it during delivery. It is responsible conception.
What is the governing element of apāna vāyu?
What are the primary sites of apāna vāyu?
What is the function of apāna vāyu?
What is the direction of apāna vāyu?
Earth
Colon, Pelvic Cavity
Dhārana: holding
Downward, Outward
What are the disorders of Apāna vāyu?
Constipation or diarrhea; retention of urine or polyuria; no menstration or profuse menstration.
Pain during menstration, pain during sex, lower backache, and pain during ovulation.
Responsible for sexual impairment, premature ejaculation or premature orgasm.
Strong apāna vāyu creates strong sex drive and vice versa.
Weak apāna creates accumulation of fat in a woman’s thighs.
Disorders below the belly button are associated with apāna. Osteoporosis is an apāna vāyu disorder. Apāna vāyu nourishes bones through the colon mucus membrane and absorption of minerals
What is the governing element of vyāna vāyu?
What are the primary sites of vyāna vāyu?
What is the function of vyāna vāyu?
What is the direction of vyāna vāyu?
Water
Heart, Whole Body
Praspandanam: pulsation, throbbing
Circular, Circulation
Decribe Vyāna vāyu.
What is the main function of Vyāna vāyu?
Where is Vyāna vāyu located, and what action does it maintain in this location?
What is the movement of Vyāna vāyu?
What type of actions does Vyāna vāyu govern in the autonomic nervous system?
The main function is to maintain cardiac activity, circulation, nutrition, and oxygenation of cell tissues and organ systems.
Present in the heart. Maintains circulation of of aterial blood, venous blood and lymphatic circulation.
Moves throughout the body.
Governs all reflex actions including corneal reflex. It is responsible for the movement of the joints and skeletal muscles through the reflex arc in the spinal cord.
What are the disorders of vyāna vāyu?
What other vāyu is affected if vyāna vāyu is disturbed?
Poor circulation lack of oxygen supply to the organs.
Sudden lack of oxygenation, called ischemia, such as in blocked coronary arteries (ischemic heart disease), blocked carotid arteries , heart attack, stroke.
Edema, or stagnation of blood in the lower extremeties, is another condition caused by poor circulation.
When vyāna vāyu is affectede prāna is also affected because these two vāyus have functional integrity.
What are the five subtypes of Pitta?
What are the ruling elements of each of these subtypes?
Pāchaka (Fire)
Rañjaka (Water)
Sādhaka (Ether)
Ālochaka (Air)
Bhrājaka (Earth)
What are the functions of Pitta?
What bodily funcitons does Pitta govern?
What is the role of Pitta in the mind?
What are the emotions of Pitta?
Which of the senses is ruled by Pitta?
Governs bodily metabolism
Digestion, absorption, assimilation of food
Maintenance of the body temperature
Appetite
Thirst
Taste
Color
Luster of eyes, hair, skin, body
Sensitive and reactive body intelligence, understanding, comprehension, knowledge
Courage
Ambition
Transformation
Visual perception
What are the sites of Pitta?
nābhi (belly button)
grahani (small intestine)
āmāshaya (stomach)
rakta (blood)
yakrut (liver)
plīhā (spleen)
pittasha (gallbladder)
sādhaka (grey matter of the brain)
hridayam (heart)
tvak (skin)
sveda (sweat)
lasīkā (sebaceous secretions)
vasā (subcutaneous fat)
drig (eyes, organs of sight)
What is the governing element of pānchaka pitta?
What are the primary sites of pānchaka pitta?
What is the function of pānchaka pitta?
Fire
Small Intestine, Stomach
Digestion, absorption, assimilation of foods
Describe Pāchaka Pitta
Where is Pāchaka Pitta located?
What does Pach mean?
What digestive enzymes are associated with Pāchaka Pitta?
What does Pāchaka Pitta digest in the stomach?
What classification of agni is Pāchaka Pitta a part of in the stomach?
2 hours after the consumption of food what valve opens, and where does the food pass into?
Which of the vāyus helps to secrete pāchaka pitta, and what action does this have on the food particles?
Present in the stomach and small intestine
Pach means to digest, absorb, and assimilate
Includes hydrochloric acid, digestive enzymes, pepsin,salvic acid, and the digestive juice that is secreted from the villi of the small intestine.
Pāchaka pitta in the stomach digests starch, glucose, and fructose. The intial digestion of protein begins through ezymatic actions.
Pāchaka pitta in the stomach is a part of jāthara agni.
Approximately 2 hours after consumption of food, the pyloric valve opens and the food passes into the duodenum
samāna vāyu helps to secrete pāchaka pitta which then breaks down food particles so that the nutrients can be absorbed by the villi
What are the disorders of pāchaka pitta?
Hyperacidity
Hypoglycemia
Craving for sugar
Gastritis
Peptic ulcer
Indigestion
Anorexia
Dyspepsia
What is the governing element of rañjaka pitta?
What are the primary sites of rañjaka pitta?
What is the function of rañjaka pitta?
Water
Liver, Spleen, Intrinsic Factor in Stomach
Produces bile, liver enzymes; gives color to the blood
Describe Rañjaka Pitta.
What does the Sanskrit word Rañjaka mean?
Where is Rañjaka Pitta present?
What is the function of Rañjaka Pitta in the skin, hair, eyes blood, urine, feces and sweat?
What is the function of Rañjaka Pitta in the marrow?
What is the funciton of Rañjaka Pitta in the liver?
Where is intrinsic factor located, and what is it responsible for?
What is the role of Rañjaka Pitta in the spleen?
What organs
What is the sanskrit word for liver?
Present in the liver and spleen, as well as the stomach as intrinsic factor.
Gives color to the skin, hair, eyes, blood.
Responsible for erythrogenisis, the creation of the red blood cells in the marrow.
In the liver rañjaka pitta is responsible for disintegration of hemoglobin into heme and globin. From heme comes bile which is rañjaka pitta, and is responsible for giving color to the urine, feces, and sweat.
In the stomach is intrinsic factor, which is responsible for the production of blood in the bone marrow.
In the spleen, Rañjaka Pitta’s job is more protective. It kills bacteria and parasites and produces some white blood cells (rasa dhātu)
There is functional integrity between the liver, stomach, spleen, and marrow. If one is affected it will affect the others.
Yakrut is the sankrit word for liver
What is the job of the spleen?
What is the job of the liver?
What subtype of pitta does this action fall under?
The spleen filters the blood and sends away unwanted, heavy, old red blood cells to the liver.
The liver destroys the old red blood cells and seperates the hemoglobin from the blood. Which it then utilizes for the production of bile salts, pigment, and enzymes.
What is/are the governing element, primary sites, and functions of sādhaka pitta?
Ether
Brain (grey matter), Heart
Conscious thinking and emotions; comprehension
What is/are the governing element, primary sites, and functions of Ālochaka Pitta?
Air
Eyes
Maintains iris color; visual perception
What is/are the governing element, primary sites, and functions of bhrājaka pitta?
Earth
Skin
Maintains skin color, texture and temperature; stereognosis
