The Digestive System/Sports Nutrition - Study Tool

Question 1

what does the root 𝐆𝐚𝐬𝐭𝐫/𝐨 mean?

Answer 1

stomach

Question 2

where does digestion begin?

Answer 2

in the mouth (carbohydrates)

Question 3

how many total molars do humans have?

Answer 3

12

Question 4

about how many times do we swallow each day?

Answer 4

2,400

Question 5

what rhythmic contraction is crucial in the digestive system?

Answer 5

peristalsis

Question 6

what does the suffix -𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐨𝐦𝐲 mean?

Answer 6

surgical removal

Question 7

how many regions are there of the stomach, and which region makes up the largest section?

Answer 7

4 regions (cardia, fundus, body, pyloris) and the body makes up the majority of the stomach

Question 8

what is the first part of the small intestine called?

Answer 8

the duodenum

Question 9

where do 90% of digestion & absorption of nutrients occur?

Answer 9

in the small intestine

Question 10

True or False: the liver makes chyme

Answer 10

FALSE; the liver makes bile

Question 11

what are the 3 macronutrients?

Answer 11

Protein, Fats, and Carbohydrates

Question 12

about how many percent of daily calories should come from healthful fats?

Answer 12

20-35%

Question 13

how many calories per gram is protein?

Answer 13

4 calories/gram

Question 14

what are non-essential amino acids?

Answer 14

amino acids that our body makes/we don’t get from food

Question 15

True or False: Micronutrients do not provide energy

Answer 15

TRUE

Question 16

about how many percent of our body weight is made up of water?

Answer 16

60%

Question 17

what is one way to determine if the amount of water you are drinking is enough/adequate?

Answer 17

if your urine is a pale yellow, you are drinking enough water

Question 18

what is one way to determine if you are dehydrated?

Answer 18

if your stool is hard, you are dehydrated and need more water

Question 19

which of the 3 macronutrients do we NOT want to use for energy?

Answer 19

protein

Question 20

what is one energy system that uses direct energy?

Answer 20

ATP

Question 21

what are the 3 R’s of Recovery?

Answer 21

replenish, rehydrate, and repair

Question 22

why should an athlete not try new foods prior to a competition?

Answer 22

because you may not know how your body will react; may lead to injury

Question 23

define body composition

Answer 23

the ratio of body fat to lean tissue

Question 24

what structure opens to allow food into the stomach and closes to keep food in the stomach

Answer 24

the esophageal sphincter

Question 25

what type of triglyceride has one double bond missing?

Answer 25

monounsaturated