The Digestive System/Sports Nutrition - Study Tool Flashcards
what does the root πππ¬ππ«/π¨ mean?
stomach
where does digestion begin?
in the mouth (carbohydrates)
how many total molars do humans have?
12
about how many times do we swallow each day?
2,400
what rhythmic contraction is crucial in the digestive system?
peristalsis
what does the suffix -ππππ¨π¦π² mean?
surgical removal
how many regions are there of the stomach, and which region makes up the largest section?
4 regions (cardia, fundus, body, pyloris) and the body makes up the majority of the stomach
what is the first part of the small intestine called?
the duodenum
where do 90% of digestion & absorption of nutrients occur?
in the small intestine
True or False: the liver makes chyme
FALSE; the liver makes bile
what are the 3 macronutrients?
Protein, Fats, and Carbohydrates
about how many percent of daily calories should come from healthful fats?
20-35%
how many calories per gram is protein?
4 calories/gram
what are non-essential amino acids?
amino acids that our body makes/we donβt get from food
True or False: Micronutrients do not provide energy
TRUE
about how many percent of our body weight is made up of water?
60%
what is one way to determine if the amount of water you are drinking is enough/adequate?
if your urine is a pale yellow, you are drinking enough water
what is one way to determine if you are dehydrated?
if your stool is hard, you are dehydrated and need more water
which of the 3 macronutrients do we NOT want to use for energy?
protein
what is one energy system that uses direct energy?
ATP
what are the 3 Rβs of Recovery?
replenish, rehydrate, and repair
why should an athlete not try new foods prior to a competition?
because you may not know how your body will react; may lead to injury
define body composition
the ratio of body fat to lean tissue
what structure opens to allow food into the stomach and closes to keep food in the stomach
the esophageal sphincter
what type of triglyceride has one double bond missing?
monounsaturated
