The digestive system and Nutrition

Question 1

Why do we need food?

Answer 1

We need food for energy, growth and repair of tissue and to prevent deficiency diseases

Question 2

Teeth
1. 4 types of teeth
2. Amount of teeth an adult has
3. Functions of the teeth

Answer 2

1) -Molars
-Premolars
- Canines
- Incisors
2) 32 teeth
3)
-Molars=Chews and grinds food
-Premolars=Chews and grinds food
-Canines=Grips and tears food.
-Incisors=Cuts and slices food

Question 3

5 steps of digestion?

Answer 3

1: Ingestion-Taking in food
2:Digestion-Breaking down food into soluble pieces
3:Absorption-Digested food passes into the bloodstream
4:Assimilation-Food is used by the cells for energy or growth
5:Egestion-Unabsorbed food leaves the body as faeces

Question 4

Peristalsis

Answer 4

Peristalsis is a muscular movement that only occurs in the digestive system’s muscles. It causes food to be pushed along the system.

Question 5

Enzyme

Answer 5

An Enzyme is a chemical found in cells. It speeds up chemical reactions

Question 6

What causes churning in the stomach

Answer 6

Churning in the stomach is caused by peristalsis

Question 7

Two types of digestion and the differences

Answer 7

MECHANICAL DIGESTION:
-Physically breaking down food with the teeth
-Churning by the stomach
CHEMICAL DIGESTION:
-Enzymes break down larger food molecules into smaller molecules

Question 8

What is it to digest?

Answer 8

Digest means to break down large food particles into smaller soluble particles

Question 9

What is a system?

Answer 9

A system is a group of organs working together

Question 10

The organisation of multicellular Organisms

Answer 10

Cell->Tissue->Organ->System->Organism

Question 11

Water
1) Healthy Source
2) Function in body

Answer 11

1 Water from the tap, fruits and drinks
2 To maintain a body temperature of 37 degrees Celsius

Question 12

Vitamins
1) 2 types of vitamins
2) healthy sources of both
3)Function of both
4) Deficiency diseases that are caused if you lack in either.

Answer 12

1: Vitamin C
Vitamin D
2: Citrus fruits, kiwis, blackcurrants
Sunlight, Dairy foods and supplements
3: Making new cells
healthy bones
4: Scurvy
Rickets

Question 13

Minerals
1) 2 types
2) Healthy source of both
3)Function of both
4) Deficiency diseases that are caused if you lack in either.

Answer 13

1) Calcium
Iron
2) Dairy foods and tinned fish
Red meat and green vegetables
3) Strong bones and teeth
Needed for Haemoglobin
4) Osteoporosis
Anaemia

Question 14

Fat
1) Healthy source
2) Function in body

Answer 14

1) Vegetable oils and oily fish
2) Cell Membranes

Question 15

Carbohydrates
1) 3 types
2) healthy source of each
3) function in body for each

Answer 15

1) Starch
Sugar
Fibre
2) Brown Bread, Pasta and rice
Fruit
Fruit, Vegetables and wholemeal cereal
3) Energy
Energy
Prevents constipation and causes peristalsis in the digestive system

Question 16

Protein
1) Healthy source
2) Function in body

Answer 16

1) Lean Meat, Poultry, Fish, Eggs, Beans, Lentils
2)Growth and repair of tissues.

Question 17

What are the 6 main types of nutrients in food?

Answer 17

Protein
Carbohydrates
Fat
Vitamins
Minerals
Water

Question 18

What are deficiency diseases

Answer 18

They are diseases caused by the lack of a particular food or nutrient