The Digestive System Flashcards
What is the digestive system
A group of organs that work together to break down food
What is digestion
The break down of complex food materials into simple form for the body to use
What does the mouth do
Intake of food(ingestion), chewing of food(physical digestion) and the beginning of starch digestion
What does the esophagus do
Transports food from the mouth to the stomach by peristalsis
What does the esophagus do
Transports food from the mouth to the stomach by peristalsis
What does the stomach do
Its a muscular bag that churns food, stores food and begins digestion
What do you know about the Duodenum
Its the first part of small intestines and digestion of fat
What do you know about the ileum
Second part of the small intestines, completes the digestions of all food
What do you know about the colon
First part of the large intestines, abosrption of water
What do you know about the rectum
Second part of the large intestines, storage of faeces
What do you know about the anus
Opening for the removal of faeces
What is peristalsis
The rhythmic motion which moves food through the alimentary canal of the digestive system
What are the nutrients that need to be digested
Carbohydrates (starches and sugars)
Proteins
Fats
What are enzymes
Biological catalysts
What does enzymes do
They speed up the process of the food digestion
What happends when enzymes are involved in digestion
The process is called chemical digestion
What is absorption
The process of.moving food into the bloodstream
What are villi
Structures in the ileum that are directly invloved in absorption of food are finger like projections
Features villi have that make them suitable for absorption of food
Having thin walls(epithelium)
Having large surface area
Being numerous
Containing many blood vessels
What is epithelium
Wall of villus for substances to pass thru
What is capillary network
Contains blood to receive glucose and amino acids for transportation
What is lacteal
Its.located in the center of the villus, receives fatty acids and glycerol for transportation
What does the nerve do
Provides sensitivity
What are the functions of the liver
Produces bile (bile emulsifes fat) Filters blood (to remove impurities) Detoxifies the blood (to remove poisons) Stores food (eg. It stores glucose) Makes urea (a waste product excreted in urine)
