The Digestive System

Question 1

What is the digestive system

Answer 1

A group of organs that work together to break down food

Question 2

What is digestion

Answer 2

The break down of complex food materials into simple form for the body to use

Question 3

What does the mouth do

Answer 3

Intake of food(ingestion), chewing of food(physical digestion) and the beginning of starch digestion

Question 4

What does the esophagus do

Answer 4

Transports food from the mouth to the stomach by peristalsis

Question 5

What does the esophagus do

Answer 5

Transports food from the mouth to the stomach by peristalsis

Question 6

What does the stomach do

Answer 6

Its a muscular bag that churns food, stores food and begins digestion

Question 7

What do you know about the Duodenum

Answer 7

Its the first part of small intestines and digestion of fat

Question 8

What do you know about the ileum

Answer 8

Second part of the small intestines, completes the digestions of all food

Question 9

What do you know about the colon

Answer 9

First part of the large intestines, abosrption of water

Question 10

What do you know about the rectum

Answer 10

Second part of the large intestines, storage of faeces

Question 11

What do you know about the anus

Answer 11

Opening for the removal of faeces

Question 12

What is peristalsis

Answer 12

The rhythmic motion which moves food through the alimentary canal of the digestive system

Question 13

What are the nutrients that need to be digested

Answer 13

Carbohydrates (starches and sugars)
Proteins
Fats

Question 14

What are enzymes

Answer 14

Biological catalysts

Question 15

What does enzymes do

Answer 15

They speed up the process of the food digestion

Question 16

What happends when enzymes are involved in digestion

Answer 16

The process is called chemical digestion

Question 17

What is absorption

Answer 17

The process of.moving food into the bloodstream

Question 18

What are villi

Answer 18

Structures in the ileum that are directly invloved in absorption of food are finger like projections

Question 19

Features villi have that make them suitable for absorption of food

Answer 19

Having thin walls(epithelium)
Having large surface area
Being numerous
Containing many blood vessels

Question 20

What is epithelium

Answer 20

Wall of villus for substances to pass thru

Question 21

What is capillary network

Answer 21

Contains blood to receive glucose and amino acids for transportation

Question 22

What is lacteal

Answer 22

Its.located in the center of the villus, receives fatty acids and glycerol for transportation

Question 23

What does the nerve do

Answer 23

Provides sensitivity

Question 24

What are the functions of the liver

Answer 24

Produces bile (bile emulsifes fat)
Filters blood (to remove impurities)
Detoxifies the blood (to remove poisons)
Stores food (eg. It stores glucose)
Makes urea (a waste product excreted in urine)

Question 25

What are the functions of the pancreas

Answer 25

1. Produces pancreatic juice containing three digestive enzymes
2. Produces the hormone insulin

Question 26

What are the three digestive enzymes from pancreatic juice

Answer 26

Pancreatic amylase (digest starch)
Pancreatic lipase (digest fat)
Trypsin (digest protein)

Question 27

What does insulin do

Answer 27

It helps lower the amount of sugar in the blood

Question 28

What are the end products of digestion

Answer 28

Starches and sugars - glucose
Proteins - amino acids
Fats - fatty acids and glycerol