The Difference Model Flashcards
Deborah Tannen
Men & Women have different speech styles e.g. Status (competitive) vs support Independence vs intimacy Advice vs understanding Conflict vs compromise Orders vs proposals
What did Deborah Tannen also theorise about RAPPORT?
Women use to promote social affiliation & emotional connection
What did Deborah say about report?
Men speak asymmetrically
What did Deborah say about interruption
Competitive, gaining control
What did Deborah say about overlaps?
More supportive
Christine Howe- what did she say about women?
Women are active listeners, use minor interjections, don’t use offensive language & aren’t competitive
Christine Howe- what did she say about men?
They want to gain conversational power & are more likely to respond to what is being said so it is harder for other participants like women to join in on convo
Why is Christine Howe’s study slightly limited?
Said differences occurred due to gender & OTHER VARIABLES
Jennifer Coates 1980- What did she say women’s language was like?
More supportive & use hedges to express epistemic modality to respect face needs, which basically means modal verbs to express opinions ‘it might be true’
Jennifer Coates- what does she say about starting convos?
Men often reject a topic of convo introduced by women yet when a man introduced topic then women are supportive and accept it
What topics do men suggest according to Coates?
‘Male topics’ like sport and business
According to Coates, who are more likely to start a convo?
Women but men take over
What did Coate’s further research show?
Boys & girls talk about similar topics in single gender groups
Janet Holmes- the 3 types of tag qs
1) referential
2) affective (facilitative)
3) affective (softening)
1) Referential
Factual uncertainty
Women- 35%
Men- 61%
