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Geography > The Development Gap - key words > Flashcards

The Development Gap - key words Flashcards

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1
Q

Birth rate

A

The number of births a yaer per 1000 of the total population.

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2
Q

Commonwealth

A

An independant state or community, especially a democratic republic. An international association consisting of the UK together with state that were part of the British Empire and dependencies.

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3
Q

Death rate

A

The number of deaths in a year per 1000 of the population.

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4
Q

De - industrialisation

A

This is the decline in the manufacturing industry (secondary)

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5
Q

Demographic Transition Model

A

The transition from high birth and death rates to lower birth and death rates as a country or region develops from a pre - industrial to an industrialised economc system.

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6
Q

Development

A

An event constituting a new stage in a changing situation. The way a country wants to improve economically.

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7
Q

Development Gap

A

The widening difference in levels of development between the world’s richest and poorest countries.

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8
Q

European Union

A

An association of European nations formed in 1993 for the purpose of achieving political and economic integration.

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9
Q

Fairtrade

A

Trade between companies in developed countries and producers in developing countries in which fair prices are paid to the producers.

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10
Q

Globalisation

A

Growth and spread of ideas across the world

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11
Q

Gross National Income (GNI)

A

Measurement of economic activity, calculated by dividing the gross (total) national income by the size of the population.

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12
Q

Human Development Index

A

A method of measuring development where GDP per capita, life expectancy and adult literacy are combined to give an overview.

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13
Q

Industrial Structure

A

A structure designed to fulfil a specific functionin industry or to support or house equipment, raw materials or communiation lines.

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14
Q

Infant Mortality

A

Number of babies that die under one year of age, per 1000 live births.

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15
Q

Information Technologies

A

The study or use of systems for storing, retrieving and sending information.

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16
Q

Intermediate Technology

A

Technology suitable for use in developing countries, typically making use of locally available resources.

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17
Q

International Aid

A

Money, goods and services given by the government of one country or multilateral institution such as the World Bank or IME to help another country.

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18
Q

Life expectancy

A

The average number of years a person is expected to live.

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19
Q

Literacy rate

A

Percentage of people in a country who have basic reading and writing skills.

20
Q

Microfinance Loans

A

A type of baking service that is provided to unemployed or low income individuals or groups who have no other access to financial services.

21
Q

North - south divide (UK)

A

The economic, social and cultural differences between southern Engand and the rest of Great Britain. They tend to be better in the south.

22
Q

Post - industrial economy

A

Where manufacturing industry declines to be replaced by growth in the service sector and the corresponding development of the quaternary sector.

23
Q

Science and Business Parks

A

An area managed in manner to promote innovation. Supports university - industry and government collaboration, creating hi-tech economic development and advancing knowledge.

24
Q

Service Industries (tertiary industries)

A

An industry made up of companies that primarily earn through providing intangible products and services e.g. retail, transport, distribution and food services.

25
Q

Transnational Corporations (TNC)

A

A country that has operations (e.g. factories, offices, reserch facilities) in more than one country.

26
Q

Economically developed

A

The government has money, the people have disposable incomes so they can afford holidays.

27
Q

Technologically developed

A

Modern, we can do trade and business fast. Technology speeds things up.

28
Q

Socially developed

A

Communities, education, health care, police.

29
Q

Politically developed

A

Democratic system, fair. (not corrupt), (listen, act)

30
Q

Gross National Income (GNI)

A

Total value of goods and services produced b a country in a year including income earnt from overseas investments (people and businesses)

31
Q

Refugees

A

People that flee their homes in their country because their life is at risk. This may be due to war, famine etc. e.g. Syria

32
Q

Asylum seekers

A

People who apply for safety in another country. Once they are given permission to stay they are termed refugees.

33
Q

Emigrant

A

Someone who moves out of a country.

34
Q

Immigrant

A

Someone who moves into a country.

35
Q

Migration

A

Is the movement of people from one place to another. It can be internal (within a country) or international (between 2 countries). It can also be classified as rural to urban migration or urban to rural migration.

36
Q

Landlocked

A

If a country is landlocked it has no sea surrounding it. This can affect trade because they don’t have any ports and it is too expensive to use aeroplanes and sometimes it’s too bulky/heavy to fly.

37
Q

Unreliable climate

A

If the crops die because of climate change the country will have nothing to sell.

38
Q

Low value, primary prosucts

A

If a country uses primary products for trade then they could run out of that product or they would only be able to produce a small amount and won’t recieve a lot of money for it, not worth a lot.

39
Q

Civil war

A

If there is a war within a country, other countries might not want to trade with them because the country is not safe to go to.

40
Q

Currency exchange

A

When a country is trading with another country that has a different currency, they could only receive a small amount because of the exchange rate and the value of the currency could be low.

41
Q

FDI

A

Sums of money invested into a foreign country by a TNC for building or buying operations.

42
Q

Primary sector

A

Sources - raw materials.

43
Q

Secondary sector

A

Factories, manfacturing.

44
Q

Tertiary sector

A

Shops and services.

45
Q

Quaternary sector

A

Banking, research, computing. (highly paid, highly qualified)

Geography (5 decks)

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