The Defeat Of Germany Flashcards
What were the main terms of treaty of versailes?
- germany had to give up some of its land in Europe and give up its colonies in africa (namibia)
- had to cut down on the size of its armed forces. Could have small groups of army or navy but no ships, submarines, planes were allowed.
- germany had to accept the blame of starting the war.
- had to pay repartions for damages caused. The allies fixed a huge sum of money that would take germany years to pay off.
- germany lost territory and werent allowed to unite with other german speaking areas like australia.
What were the changes during he industrial revolution in britian?
It changed the way things were made and how people lived. Products started being mass produced and most people lived in cities and transport and communication improved. It was the start of the modern world
What was the wealth from slave trade?
Many merchants in britian became wealthy because of the alantic slave trade. They also made money by bring raw material that were made by slaves like cotton and sugar to britian. Used money to build factories. To make new machinery. Wealth was one of the causes of industrial revelotion in britian.
What were the change in farming?
Farmer in britian began to produce move food ny using better methods of farming on commercial farms. As a result the population grew. The people that were poor and couldnt afford land or use the new methods move to towns to find jobs
What are the natural resources?
Britian had large amounts of coal and iron ore. Also had very many rivers that could be used as transport. Most of britian was flat so canals were built to link rivers.
Did britian have a large coastline and what was on coatsline and what did it make easier?
Yes, it contained mainy harbours, and made trade easier.
What did british engineers do with all the iron ore?
They built bigger, stronger and safer structures.
What were the changes in techonology?
Machines were invented to do the work that people had done by hand, this was a faster more cheaper way, the machine would work with more accuracy and streghth. The machines worked with new power.
Give some examples of the power the machines could have used
Gas, steam, oil and later electricty.
Where were the new machines put and what was made from them?
They were out into large building called factories and manufacted goods were made.
Which people came to work in the factories?
The people from the countryside came and moved to the towns
Explain in detail the new forms of transport
Steam locomotives were invented that they could pull trucks and wagons on rails. Was much faster and cheaper then travelling by road. Soon railways were built all over Britian. Canals were also built to transport heavy goods by water. Iron was used to build stronger bridges and bigger buildings. Better hard surface roads were built rather then the uneven, muddy roads before.
How did the new forms of transport benefite the way people transported goods?
The new forms made it easier and cheaper to transport graw materials like coal and iron to the facotries, and to also transport manufactured goods to be sold.
What is child labour?
Child labour is when a younge child is pressured to work to help their family.
What negitive things do you have to say about the place they worked in?
The working place was terrible, it was unclean, unsafe and a dangerous place for children. They were forced to work for 16 hours a day and if they missed a day because of being sick they would be fired. The machines werent covered and often arms, hair, legs, clothes got caught in the machines. A lot of accidents happened. It was a low paying job. Many became ill and died younge. They would work for six days and week and often in small, dark tunnels.
What was the swing riot?
They were a group of farm people who hated the new threashing machine. This group of people then went and destroyed building and set places on fire, they broke the machines. Some sent letters to the farmers and threatened them that they would take more violent actions if they didnt get rid of the machines. These letters were signed by captian swing who was made up. Some were sent to death other sentenced to prision and others were sent to australia as convicts.
Who were the luddites?
They were a group of people who also hated the machines and believed if they broke them it would end the machines. After another mythical person Ned Ludd, the group of luddites went around attaking factories and breaking machines
What did the government worry about the luddites and what did they do?
They were worried that the violence would spread and they sent some to dealth and others to the prison colony Australia
Give a brief description on political settelment.
Britian become powerful and wealthy as a result of the industrial revolution. They were determined to build up an empire in other parts of the world including southern africa.
What happened by 1860?
Britian had controlled parts of it and and after the mext 40 years extended this control over most of southern africa
Explain a bit about the cape
The cape had been a british colony since 1806.
What was the main export?
The main export was wool that was made into cloth in the factories in britian.
Explain abit about natal
Natal had been a british colony since 1843 settlers grew differnet crops such as cotton, tabacco, coffee for export.
What happened in 1850?
They found out that sugar would grew well there
