The Cytoskeleton Flashcards
What is the cytoskeleton attached to? What does this do?
Membrane proteins and it gives mechanical support to the cell acting as scaffolding to maintain the shape of the cell.
What is the cytoskeleton?
Network of proteins fibres that extends throughout the cytoplasm in all eukaryotic cells.
What is attached to the cytoskeleton? And what is it involved in?
Organelles are attached and it is involved in the movement of cellular components, such as vesicles or chloroplasts. It is also responsible for the movement of whole cells
- pseudopodia, flagella and cilia all rely on cytoskeleton activity.
What are one component of the cytoskeleton?
Microtubles.
What are microtubles?
They are polymers of a dimer made from alpha-tubulin and beta-tubulin. These are soluble globular proteins.
What do the dimers form?
Microtubles
How is the length of microtubles controlled?
They are under control of the cell through the addition (assembly) and removal (disassembly) of tubulin at the ends.
Where do microtubles originate from?
Microtubule organising centre (MTOC).
Where is the (MTOC) located?
Near the nucleus and contain the centrosome. In animal cells, the centrioles are the site of microtubules synthesis within the centrosome.
What are spindle fibres made from?
Microtubules. The cytoplasmic microtubules are disassembled to form the microtubules of the mitotic and meiotic spindles.
Where do microtubules attach to at the centrosomes of chromatids?
Proteins.
What do microtubules do in mitosis to centromeres?
They severing separates the chromatids.
