The Crusades

Question 1

Where did the first battle of the first crusade occur?

Answer 1

Nicea

Question 2

Who won the battle of Nicea?

Answer 2

The Crusaders

Question 3

Which King was leader of the Turks at Nicea?

Answer 3

King Arslan

Question 4

Who was King Arslan fighting when the battle of Nicea started?

Answer 4

Danishmend

Question 5

Who does King Arslan make an alliance with before the battle of Nicea ends?

Answer 5

Danishmend

Question 6

King Arslan finally makes his way back to Nicea with morale running high. He approaches a clearing from the mountainous forest ahead, but what happens?

Answer 6

Knights are laying in wait with maces, swords and battle axes and surprise the enemy before cutting off their heads and killing them.

Question 7

Nicea is finally won and taken over. But by who?

Answer 7

Emperor Alexis

Question 8

The crusaders cannot breach the walls of Nicea. They plan to starve the city, however, they find it difficult. Why?

Answer 8

The city had its own water gates and could receive supplies from the seas.

Question 9

How did they solve the problem of the Nicea water gates?

Answer 9

Emperor Alexis marched his ships over land and created a blockade of the water ways.

Question 10

Where did the crusaders win their second major victory?

Answer 10

Dorylaeum

Question 11

Why was Dorylaeum so significant?

Answer 11

Because the crusaders had fended a huge surprise assault where they were massively outnumbered.

Question 12

Why did the Turks have the advantage?

Answer 12

They knew the land and the geography and so had the height advantage, as well as being able to easily predict where the crusaders were going to go.

Question 13

How many did the Turks outnumber the crusaders by at Dorylaeum?

Answer 13

360,000 - 30,000

Question 14

Who captured Krak De Chevalier? (not the castle)

Answer 14

Baldwin

Question 15

Why was Venice so important in the 4th crusade?

Answer 15

Venice was a hugely wealthy city that the crusaders used to transport them across the Mediterranean, but the crusaders could not pay and so would instead take the Byzantine port of Zara for the payment.

Question 16

Who sent the 4th crusade?

Answer 16

Pope Innocent III

Question 17

Who sent the third crusade?

Answer 17

Pope Gregory VIII

Question 18

Why was the third crusade sent?

Answer 18

Between the second and third crusade, Saladin had drawn a huge army and was marching on crusader states. Guy had to march the armies of Jerusalem out to meet the armies of Saladin in order to avoid being a hypocrite. The march was a disaster and the crusaders were low on water. They then fought at Hattin, unrested and dehydrated, they lost. This then led to Saladin marching upon Jerusalem, before Balian gave a half-hearted defense and surrendered the city.

Question 19

Who were the main leaders of the third crusade?

Answer 19

King Richard the Lionheart, King Phillip of France and Frederick Barbarossa.

Question 20

When was the Battle of Manzikert?

Answer 20

1071

Question 21

Who were the leaders in the first crusade?

Answer 21

Hugh, Godfrey, Robert, Raymond IV, Bohemond.

Question 22

When was the Battle of Acre?

Answer 22

July 12, 1191.

Question 23

what were the weaknesses of Edessa?

Answer 23

Edessa was a hugely fought over city and was bordering Byzantine, crusader states and the Muslim states. This meant that it had to cover and watch a huge amount of terrain and long borders. Edessa also controlled a huge amount of land, while being a relatively small city, with a relatively small population compared to the land that Edessa covered.