The Criminal Justice Flashcards
What is Crime?
-A violation of criminal statues passed by elected officials
What are the Social Control Agencies?
-Known as the Criminal Justice System
What were the four changes in the Criminal Justice System?
- Volume of crime
- Emerging National priorities
- Available funding
- Changing political ideologies
What major history was not behaviorally accepted?
:The Great Experiment of Prohibition
–Early 20th century
Protect our national character and our youths
-Increase productivity
-Lessen collateral problems of idleness
Is change acceptable throughout history?
-Behaviors thought particularly heinous in one time become accepted (or regulated) behavior in another
What Components are there in the CJS?
-Law Enforcement
-Courts
-Corrections
:Referred to penology until 1969
-Rapid change in the last 40 years
What have been some changes to the Correctional System?
-Deferred Prosecution
:Suspending prosecution for personal development and Rehab.
-Tech. for probation/intermediate sanctions
:GPS tracking, Day-reporting centers, community service
What exactly is Corrections?
The social control agency that provides societal protection by providing:
-Incarceration and community supervision
-Rehabilitation services to persons accused or convicted of criminal law violating behavior
What does Corrections provide and Include
-Public Safety
-Includes:
Restorative Justice
pretrial diversion programs, probation, and parole
Define Probation
A sentence imposed by the court that does not usually involve confinement and imposes conditions to restrain the offender’s actions in the community.
Define Parole
The release of an offender from confinement prior to expiration of his or her sentence on condition of good behavior and supervision in the community.
Define Intermediate Sanctions
Offender control programs that fall somewhere between probation and imprisonment
-House arrest
-Day reporting centers
-Community service
Majority of Adults are under what correctional care or custody? What is the largest single segment of the Community Correctional system?
-Under Probation
-Probation is the largest
What happened to prison and parole in 1995-2008 and what happened in 2009?
What happened in 1976?
-Increased 1995-2008
-Decreased in 2009
-The movement of “abandon parole” began
What does Community Corrections have to give?
-Includes pre- and post-adjudication
-Public protection
-Diverse types of supervision, treatment, reintegration, control
-Designed both for Juvenile and CJS
What programs do the Community Corrections offer?
- Diversion
- Pretrial release programs
- Private sector treatment programs
- Pre-imprisonment programs
What does Pre-Imprisonment Programs have?
- Restitution
- Community Service
- Active probation
- Intensive supervised probation
- Day reporting
- House arrest
- Residential community facilities
What do After Incarceration Programs have?
- Probation
- Prison furlough
- Work and educational release
- Halfway houses
- Residential facilities
- Parole programs and services
Define Jail
A confinement facility that holds persons detained pending adjudication and/or persons committed after adjudication for sentences of generally 1 year or less
Define Prison
A state or federal confinement facility having custodial authority over criminal law-violating adults sentenced to confinement for usually more than 1 year.
What’s happening to the population in Community Corrections?
-Crowding in both Prisons and Jails
-Increase use of sentencing alternatives that combine probation and other sanctions
-General believe that non-serious and first-time offenders should be given another chance
