The Criminal Justice Flashcards

1
Q

What is Crime?

A

-A violation of criminal statues passed by elected officials

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2
Q

What are the Social Control Agencies?

A

-Known as the Criminal Justice System

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3
Q

What were the four changes in the Criminal Justice System?

A
  1. Volume of crime
  2. Emerging National priorities
  3. Available funding
  4. Changing political ideologies
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4
Q

What major history was not behaviorally accepted?

A

:The Great Experiment of Prohibition
–Early 20th century
Protect our national character and our youths
-Increase productivity
-Lessen collateral problems of idleness

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5
Q

Is change acceptable throughout history?

A

-Behaviors thought particularly heinous in one time become accepted (or regulated) behavior in another

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6
Q

What Components are there in the CJS?

A

-Law Enforcement
-Courts
-Corrections
:Referred to penology until 1969
-Rapid change in the last 40 years

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7
Q

What have been some changes to the Correctional System?

A

-Deferred Prosecution
:Suspending prosecution for personal development and Rehab.
-Tech. for probation/intermediate sanctions
:GPS tracking, Day-reporting centers, community service

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8
Q

What exactly is Corrections?

A

The social control agency that provides societal protection by providing:
-Incarceration and community supervision
-Rehabilitation services to persons accused or convicted of criminal law violating behavior

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9
Q

What does Corrections provide and Include

A

-Public Safety
-Includes:
Restorative Justice
pretrial diversion programs, probation, and parole

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10
Q

Define Probation

A

A sentence imposed by the court that does not usually involve confinement and imposes conditions to restrain the offender’s actions in the community.

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11
Q

Define Parole

A

The release of an offender from confinement prior to expiration of his or her sentence on condition of good behavior and supervision in the community.

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12
Q

Define Intermediate Sanctions

A

Offender control programs that fall somewhere between probation and imprisonment
-House arrest
-Day reporting centers
-Community service

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13
Q

Majority of Adults are under what correctional care or custody? What is the largest single segment of the Community Correctional system?

A

-Under Probation
-Probation is the largest

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14
Q

What happened to prison and parole in 1995-2008 and what happened in 2009?
What happened in 1976?

A

-Increased 1995-2008
-Decreased in 2009
-The movement of “abandon parole” began

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15
Q

What does Community Corrections have to give?

A

-Includes pre- and post-adjudication
-Public protection
-Diverse types of supervision, treatment, reintegration, control
-Designed both for Juvenile and CJS

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16
Q

What programs do the Community Corrections offer?

A
  1. Diversion
  2. Pretrial release programs
  3. Private sector treatment programs
  4. Pre-imprisonment programs
17
Q

What does Pre-Imprisonment Programs have?

A
  1. Restitution
  2. Community Service
  3. Active probation
  4. Intensive supervised probation
  5. Day reporting
  6. House arrest
  7. Residential community facilities
18
Q

What do After Incarceration Programs have?

A
  1. Probation
  2. Prison furlough
  3. Work and educational release
  4. Halfway houses
  5. Residential facilities
  6. Parole programs and services
19
Q

Define Jail

A

A confinement facility that holds persons detained pending adjudication and/or persons committed after adjudication for sentences of generally 1 year or less

20
Q

Define Prison

A

A state or federal confinement facility having custodial authority over criminal law-violating adults sentenced to confinement for usually more than 1 year.

21
Q

What’s happening to the population in Community Corrections?

A

-Crowding in both Prisons and Jails
-Increase use of sentencing alternatives that combine probation and other sanctions
-General believe that non-serious and first-time offenders should be given another chance