The Cranial Nerves Flashcards
What is the first cranial nerve?
Olfactory Nerve
What is the entry and exit point for the Olfactory Nerve (1)?
Entry: Thalamus
Exit: Cribiform Plate/ethmoidal foramen
What is the second cranial nerve?
Optic Nerve
What is the entry and exit point for the Optic Nerve (2)?
Entry: Uncus
Exit: Optic Canal
What is the third cranial nerve?
Oculomotor
What is the entry and exit point for the Oculomotor Nerve (3)?
Entry: Midbrain
Exit: Superior Orbital Fissure
What is the fourth cranial nerve?
Trochlea
What is the entry and exit point for the Trochlea Nerve (4)?
Entry: Midbrain
Exit: Superior Orbital Fissure
What is the first branch of the fifth cranial nerve?
Trigminal (A) - Opthalamic
What is the entry and exit point for the first branch of the Trigeminal Nerve (A- Opthalamic)?
Entry: Pons
Exit: Superior Orbital Fissure
What is the second branch of the Trigeminal Nerve?
Trigeminal (B) - Maxillary
What is the entry and exit point for the second branch of the Trigeminal Nerve (B- Maxillary)
Entry: Pons
Exit: Foramen Rotundum
What is the third branch of the Trigeminal Nerve?
Trigeminal (C) - Mandibular
What is the entry and exit point of the third Trigeminal Nerve (C- Mandibular)
Entry: Pons
Exit: Foramen Ovale
What is the sixth cranial nerve ?
Abducens
What is the entry and exit point for the Abducens Nerve (6)?
Entry: Pons
Exit: Superior Orbital Fissure
What is the seventh cranial nerve?
Facial
What is the entry and exit point for the Facial Nerve (7)?
Entry: Pons
Exit: Internal Acoustic Meatus
What is the eigth cranial nerve?
Vestibulocochlear
What is the entry and exit point for the Vestibulocochlear Nerve (8)?
Entry: Pons
Exit: Internal Acoustic Meatus
What is the ninth cranial nerve?
Glossopharyngeal
What is the entry and exit point of the Glossopharyngeal Nerve (9)?
Entry: Medulla
Exit: Jugular Foramen
What is the tenth cranial nerve?
Vagus
What is the entry and exit point of the Vagus Nerve (10)?
Entry: Medulla
Exit: Jugular Foramen
What is the eleventh cranial nerve?
Accessory
What is the entry and exit point of the Accessory Nerve (11)?
Entry: Medulla
Exit: Jugular Foramen
What is the twelfth cranial nerve?
Hypoglossal
What is the entry and exit point of the Hypoglossal Nerve (12)?
Entry: Medulla
Exit: Hypoglossal Canal
What is the function of the olfactory nerve?
Smell
SENSORY
What is the function of the optic nerve?
Vision
SENSORY
What is the function of the oculomotor nerve?
Eye movement
Pupillary constriction
Accommodation (refractive errors)
Eyelid opening
MOTOR
What is the function of the trochlea nerve?
Eye movement (superior oblique muscle)
MOTOR
What is the function of the trigeminal nerve (A, B & C)?
Facial sensation
Mastication (chewing)
BOTH
What is the function of the abducens nerve?
Eye movement (lateral rectus muscle- side to side)
MOTOR
What is the function of the facial nerve?
Facial movements
Taste from anterior ⅔ of tongue (chorda tympani)
Lacrimation (flow of tears)
Salivation
Eyelid closing
Auditory reflex
BOTH
What is the function of the vesibulocochlear nerve?
Hearing
Balance
SENSORY
What is the function of the glossopharyngeal nerve?
Taste and sensation of posterior ⅓ of tongue
Elevation of pharynx/larynx (throat control & swallowing)
BOTH
What is the function of the vagus nerve?
Taste
Swallowing
Soft palate elevation
Speech
Cough reflex
Regulates heart rate and gastrointestinal tract
BOTH
What is the function of the accessory nerve?
Head turning
Shoulder shrugging
MOTOR
What is the function of the hypoglossal nerve?
Tongue movements
MOTOR
