The Context Of A Hazard

Question 1

What is a natural hazard

Answer 1

A perceived event that threatens both life and property

Question 2

What is a risk?

Answer 2

The exposure of people to a hazardous event presenting a potential threat to themselves, their possessions and the built environment in which they live

Question 3

Why can vulnerability vary over time and space?

Answer 3

Wealthier people and countries ca protect themselves better from potential hazards by having a better emergency services, better infrastructure and better education on how to be better prepared
Poorer people are often forced into living in hazardous areas such as low lying lands as they are more affordable

Question 4

Why do people make themselves vulnerable by living in areas with a high risk?

Answer 4

People who live in a wealthier area at have more of a relaxed perception of living in a high risk area. As they feel better prepared to withstand the hazards, through plans (adaption) that have been put in place.
Poorer people might deem the hazardous area cost beneficial (if nobody else wants to love there) or have a lack of alternatives

Question 5

What are the different ways to perceive a hazard?

Answer 5

1. Fatalism (acceptance). Some communities claim events are ‘god will’. Losses are inevitable
2. Adaptation. Preparing for an event with prediction, prevention and protection
3. Fear. An event caused people to feel vulnerable and move away to an area perceived unaffected

Question 6

What is fatalism?

Answer 6

The acceptance of natural events as a part of living in the area

Question 7

What is adaptation?

Answer 7

Preparing for an event by prediction, prevention or protection methods. (Learning to live with the hazard)

Question 8

What is mitigation?

Answer 8

Strategies to lessen the effects of another hazard eg, warning systems

Question 9

Explain why hazard perception influences the response to a hazard?

Answer 9

People can often perceive a hazard in a different way depending on wealth, analysis of the risk and determine the likelihood/ consequences of the risk. The risk can then be perceived as acceptable or if evaluation of treatment/technical plans need to be implemented

Question 10

Outline the role of the Hazard management Cycle?

Answer 10

1. the model collates information on the hazard management actions in a place and the timing of the management actions relative to the hazard event (pre, during and post)
   2.We can use the hazards management cycle to evaluate the community preparedness (how much management happens pre disaster)

Question 11

Outline the role of the Park Model (Disaster Response Curve)?

Answer 11

1. the park model collates information on the impact the hazard has on the quality of life and the impact of the management ( relief, rehabilitation and reconstruction)
2. We can use the park model to evaluate how the quality of life was affected and how resilient the place is to the hazard

Question 12

Why don’t models on their own keep people safe?

Answer 12

1. learning needs to be implemented (countries have varying capacity to prepare)
2. Preparation can be overwhelmed by the scale of the hazard, e.g, Japanese Tsunami 2011
3. Preparation can be overwhelmed by human factors, e.g, rapid, rural-urban migration in the Philippines created informal settlements in Tacloban that were destroyed by Typhoon Haiyan

Question 13

What is resilience?

Answer 13

the ability of individuals or communities to be able to utilise available resources to withstand and recover from the effects of a natural disaster event

Question 14

Explain the difference between the following terms: distribution, frequency and magnitude?

Answer 14

1.distribution is referring to the special coverage of a hazard
2.Frequency refers to the distribution of the hazard through time
3. Magnitude asses the size of the impact