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Politics Component 2 > The Constitution > Flashcards

The Constitution Flashcards

1
Q

What is devolution?

A
  • the dispersal of power, but not sovereignty, within a political system
  • sovereignty, or ultimate legal power, remains with Westminster and Parliament
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2
Q

What is the role of devolution in England?

A

-to oversee policing, transport, housing, and economic development

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3
Q

Why does Northern Ireland have devolved powers?

A

-had a violent past so it creates a power-sharing form of government which is critical to restoring peace

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4
Q

What are the ‘‘reserved powers’’?

A
  • belong to Westminister

- defense, foreign policy, constitutional matters, welfare benefits, economic policy

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5
Q

Why does Scotland have devolved powers?

A

-has a strong nationalist movement so the Scottish parliament has more powers

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6
Q

Why does Wales have devolved powers?

A

-concerned with protecting cultural identity than independence or nationalism

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7
Q

How is the Scottish Parliament elected?

A
  • AMS every 4 years

- 129 MSPs

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8
Q

What does the Scottish Parliament do?

A
  • devises and implements policy on matters devolved to Scotland
  • proposes an annual budget to the parliament
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9
Q

What are Scotland’s main devolved powers?

A

-education, environment, transport, housing, tourism

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10
Q

What powers was Scotland granted in 2012 by Brown’s government?

A

-tax, borrowing, regulation of air weapons, alcohol limits

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11
Q

What is the Smith Commission?

A

-granted Scotland powers to control over air passenger duty, oil, gas, and welfare benefits

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12
Q

Why should English cities be given more independent powers?

A
  • demands can be met more accurately
  • one size fits all government doesn’t always work
  • the UK is too London centered
  • can boost local democracy
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13
Q

Why shouldn’t English cities be given more independent powers?

A
  • areas will become more unequal
  • prevention of irresponsible spending
  • turnout will be low
  • unity may be jeopardized
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14
Q

How is the Welsh Assembly elected?

A
  • 60 members

- AMS

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15
Q

What are some of the Welsh devolved powers?

A

-health, local government , transport, housing, education

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16
Q

What powers does Scotland have but Wales does not?

A

-income tax and borrowing

17
Q

How is the Northern Ireland assembley elected?

A
  • STV

- 90 members

18
Q

What are some of Northern Ireland devolved powers?

A

-education, welfare, justice, housing, transport

19
Q

What are the normally ‘reserved powers’ that Northern Ireland can legislate?

A

-financial services, broadcasting, consumer safety and firearms

20
Q

What constitutional reforms have taken place since 1997?

A

-devolution, electoral, house of lords, human rights

21
Q

How should devolution be further reformed?

A
  • to satisfy needs and wants of local people
  • devolution is uneven
  • a federal solution mat create greater unity
22
Q

How should elections be further reforms?

A
  • produce more proportional results
  • failure of AV suggests no public interest
  • a more proportional system?
23
Q

Should the house of Lord’s be reformed?

A
  • become an elected house?

- lacks democratic legitimacy

24
Q

How have human rights been reformed?

A
  • human rights act 1998

- british bill of rights?

25
Q

Why is there no more reforms needed?

A
  • citizens are protected, provides a clear strong election

- clear agreement on what needs to happen

26
Q

Why is reform needed?

A
  • current settlement is incomplete and ilogical
  • federal solution could remove annomalies
  • citizens need greater clarity
27
Q

What are the arguements for extended devolution in England?

A
  • england is the most prosperous andheavilty populated but is the only one without a resolved body
  • ‘EVEl’ makes Scottish MPs second-class representatives
  • devolution meets different needs and england needs that
  • lots of different identities that needs representation
28
Q

What are agruements against extented devolution in England?

A
  • england is already dominant
  • people see Westminister as their parliament
  • Blair’s proposals were defeated as their isn’t a strong enough identity
29
Q

What are the arguements for a codified constitutions?

A
  • educate the public
  • reduce the chnaces of a government pushing through bad bills
  • stronger and more clarity human rights
  • increase legitimacy
30
Q

What are the arguements against a codified constitution?

A
  • no public demand for change
  • constitution now is flexible
  • decisions can be easily changed
  • few codified constitutions provide clear guidance

Politics Component 2 (5 decks)

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