The Concept of Politics and Governance Flashcards
The way in which we understand order our social affairs, acquire greater control over the situation
Politics according to Ponton, 1982
The strategy in maintaining cooperation among people with different need and ideals in life, or for resolving the conflict within the groups, whether this is a family, a tribe, a village or nation-state
Politics according to Tuibeo, 1998
is defined as the activities and affairs of the state and government; it is a social activity associated with the practice of government, search for conflict resolution, administration of public affairs, and assumption of power or authority
Politics
“Father of Political Science” and used a scientific approach in studying politics
Aristotle
Formative conception on politics and limits politics to the state and all its instrumentalities
Arena
Comprehensive view of politics and includes other institutions within the society
Process
The formal institutions through which a group of people is ruled or governed
Government
Includes institutions other than those of the government that are involved in governing, at least in the broadest sense
Governing
(TRUE or FALSE) Politics is a complex, set of interactions between inputs and outputs, internal and external environments, feedback, and the political system
TRUE
Politics functions like a _________ or _________ where political actors try to subdue each other by any means to get what they want or the most of what they can get, either for public good or private gain
battlefield or battleground
Politics concerns the structure, process, and practice of the government
Politics as the Art of the Government
Politics is the conduct and management of public interest
Politics as Public Interest
Politics attempts to resolve conflict through discussion
Politics as Compromise and Consensus
A body of people that performs administrative duties such as making collective decisions and enforcing rules to serve the general interest or will of the state
Government
(Function of the government) Maintenance of order and security of the state by crafting and enforcing rules or laws
Constituent Function
(Function of government) Promotion of welfare of the state by providing projects such as public works and public education
Ministrant Function
(Basic structure of government) The formal lawmaking body of the government. The legislature has the constitutional authority to pass laws, which is also the power to repeal or change them. Example: Senate
Legislative Branch
(Basic structure of government) The seat of authoritative power in society entrusted with managing its affairs and enforcing rules. The leader of the executive depends on the system of the government. Example: President
Executive Branch
(Basic structure of government) The government body enforced to apply and interpret the laws. Hierarchy is a universal feature of this branch. Virtually, all political systems have multiple levels of the judiciary where some courts are explicitly subordinate to the others. Example: Trial Courts
Judiciary Brance
This status of government refers to the status achieved when the government is established according to the constitution of a state, and is officially recognized by the other states
De Jure or Legitimate Government
This status of government refers to the status achieved when the government is established by force and other unconstitutional methods such as revolution, secession (withdrawing membership from a state), and conquest
De Facto or Illegitimate Government
Refers to the supreme law of the state or the highest law of the land. Other laws must adhere or follow the principles of the constitution. Otherwise, it will be deemed unconstitutional
Constitution
What are the forms of government according to the number of rulers (traditional/aristotelian)
- Monarchy
- Aristocracy
- Democracy
A form of government in which the power is vested in a single person who has divine and hereditary rights to rule as head of state. This person could have these titles: kind, queen, emperor, czar, Kaiser, sultan, or pharaoh
Monarchy
What are the two types of monarchy?
- Absolute monarchy
- constitutional monarchy
The power of the monarch is boundless or not restricted by any law (Example: Ancient Egypt with Pharaohs)
Absolute Monarchy
The power of the monarch is limited because of the constitution/charters (Example: Great Britain with Queen Elizabeth)
Constitutional Monarchy
A form of government in which power is vested in a class or persons who are believed to be superior and best qualified to rule (usually intellectuals)
Aristocracy
Aristocracy derives from the Greek word _____ which means _____ and ______ which means ______.
aristos: best; kratos: power
A form of government in which power is vested in the people.
Democracy
Democracy derives from the Greek word ____ which means _____ and _____ which means ____
demos: people; kratos: power
When the rulers of an aristocratic government turn into corrupt and self-serving elites, then aristocracy becomes??
oligarchy
When the people in a democratic government form into a disoriented and rebellious crowd, then democracy transforms into??
mobocracy
What are the two types of democracy?
- Direct Democracy
- Indirect/Representative Democracy
In this type of democracy, people directly participate in all government processes such as the creation of law and making decisions for the state. All assumes positions.
Direct Democracy
This type of democracy is a government in which people give authority and power through election to representatives that will serve the interest of the state.
Indirect/Representative Democracy
When a monarchy becomes negative ???
Depotism/Tyranny
A form of government that applies the Doctrine of Separation of Power, in which the executive branch exists separately from the legislature.
Presidential
A form of government that applies the Doctrine of Fusion of Powers, in which the members of an executive branch are nominated to their positions by a legislature called parliament
Parliamentary
A form of government in which the governmental powers are concentrated on the national government; only minimal power is granted on the local governments (Philippines)
Unitary
A form of government in which the governmental powers are shared by the local government and the national government (USA)
Federal
A form of government which requires obedience to the government and limits dissent by minimizing political and personal liberties. Such governments often permit churches, unions, and certain interest groups to retain relative independence from the state as long as they do not challenge its authority. (China)
Authoritarian
The extreme from of authoritarianism; it is a form of government that tries to control all aspects of private and public life. While authoritarianism wants a monopoly of political power, this from of government wants to control everything, including social and economic institutions. (North Korea)
Totalitarian
