The Communist Manifesto Vocab

Question 1

Uncontested

Not contested

Answer 1

Contested- engage in a competition to gain power/ opposed

Question 2

Intrinsic

Answer 2

Belonging to the essential nature of a thing

Question 3

Merit

Answer 3

Worthiness or excellence

Question 4

Authoritarian

Answer 4

Favoring complete obedience or subjection to authority as opposed to individual freedom

Question 5

Concocted

Past tense of concot

Answer 5

Concot- to create or devise

Question 6

Marxism

Answer 6

A social, economical, and political philosophy that analyses the impact of the ruling class on the laborers, leading to uneven distribution of wealth and privileges in the society

Question 7

What does economic backwardness entail?

Question 8

Keynesianism

Answer 8

Keynesianism is fundamentally not socialism, but an attempt to save capitalism from itself.

Question 9

Keynesians belive that…

Answer 9

because prices are somewhat rigid, fluctuations in any component of spending—consumption, investment, or government expenditures—cause output to change

Question 10

Fluctuation

Answer 10

An irregular rising and falling in number or amount; a variation

Question 11

Ascendent

Answer 11

Rising in power or influence

Question 12

Modernity

Answer 12

the quality or condition of being modern

Question 13

Forces of modernity…

Answer 13

Objectivism and subjectivism, individualism and the nationalism, democratization and totalitarianism

Question 14

Objectivism

Answer 14

the concept of man as a heroic being, with his own happiness as the moral purpose of his life, with productive achievement as his noblest activity, and reason as his only absolute- Ayn Rand

Question 15

Ambiguity

Answer 15

The quality of being open to more than one interpretation; inexactness

Question 16

Disambiguation

Answer 16

The removal of ambiguity by making something clear

Question 17

Ayn Rand

Answer 17

Russian-American philosepher that created Objectivism

Question 18

Doctrine

Answer 18

a belief or set of beliefs held and taught by a Church, political party, or other group.

Question 19

Subjectivism

Answer 19

“our own mental activity is the only unquestionable fact of our experience”, instead of shared or communal, and that there is no external or objective truth

Question 20

Thomas Hobbes

Answer 20

An English philosopher, most known for his best work Leviathan, in which he expounds an influential formulation of social contract theory. Thomas Hobbes was an early proponent of subjectivism

Question 21

René Descartes

Answer 21

A French philosipher, scientist, and mathematician, widely considered a seminal figure in the emergence of modern philosophy and science. Descartes has often been called the father of modern philosophy, and was a successful proponent of subjectivism due to his methodic doubt.

Question 22

Cartesian doubt

Answer 22

A systematic process of being skeptical about (or doubting) the truth of one’s beliefs, which has become a characteristic method in philosophy.

Question 23

Individualism

Answer 23

The moral stance, political philosophy, ideology and social outlook that emphasizes the intrinsic worth of the individual.

Question 24

Individualists promote…

Answer 24

realizing one’s goals and desires, valuing independence and self-reliance, and advocating that the interests of the individual should gain precedence over the state or a social group, while opposing external interference upon one’s own interests by society or institutions such as the government.

Question 25

Nationalism

Answer 25

An idea and movement that holds that the nation should be congruent with the state | political ideology that promotes the intrest of a nation ## Footnote Not to be confused with Partiotism

Question 26

Presupposes

Answer 26

tacitly assume at the beginning of a line of argument or course of action that something is the case.

Question 27

Democratization

Answer 27

the democratic transition to a more democratic political regime, including substantive political changes moving in a democratic direction. | Society being more democratic

Question 28

Totalitarianism

Answer 28

A form of government and a political system that prohibits all opposition parties, outlaws individual and group opposition to the state and its claims, and exercises an extremely high if not complete degree of control and regulation over public and private life | Extreme form of authoriantanism ## Footnote Not to be confused for Economic totalitarianism.

Question 29

Economic totalitarianism ## Footnote Compulsory cartel

Answer 29

A cartel that is established or maintained by an administrative order or by legal directive. Can range from a mere decision to establish a cartel or to maintain an existing one, to a strict state control ## Footnote Not to be confused with totalitarianism.

Question 30

Patriotism

Answer 30

The feeling of love, devotion, and a sense of attachment to a country or state | Loyalty and devotion to a nation ## Footnote Not to be confused with nationalism