The Cold War

Question 1

the large increase in the number of babies born in the aftermath of World War II until 1964

Answer 1

baby boom

Question 2

February 1945 meeting of the main Allied leaders to plan the future of post-WWII Europe.

Answer 2

Yalta Conference

Question 3

July/August 1945 meeting of the main Allied leaders in which plans for postwar Europe were finalized; tensions between USA and USSR rose and beginnings of the Cold War

Answer 3

Potsdam Conference

Question 4

a nation that is so powerful that it influences or controls less powerful states.

Answer 4

superpowers

Question 5

after World War II, the U.S. foreign policy practice of attempting to restrict the expansion of Soviet influence around the world.

Answer 5

containment

Question 6

the ideological barrier that existed between Eastern and Western Europe from 1945 to 1990.

Answer 6

Iron Curtain

Question 7

the dominating influence of one country or group over others.

Answer 7

hegemony

Question 8

foreign policy approach established in 1947; provide economic and military aid to countries that are attempting to resist communism

Answer 8

Truman Doctrine

Question 9

A U.S. plan from 1948 to 1951, to aid in the economic recovery of Europe after World War II by offering funding.

Answer 9

Marshall Plan

Question 10

A Soviet plan in 1949 to aid the economic recovery of Eastern Europe after World War II; required countries to create exclusive agreements with the Soviet Union.

Answer 10

Molotov Plan

Question 11

Soviet blockade between 1948-49 to halt land travel into the capital of Germany in hopes of forcing the allies to give up their plan to combine the occupation zones into one democratic nation; the Allies resisted by airlifting supplies.

Answer 11

Berlin Blockade

Question 12

A military alliance formed in 1949 among the U.S. and Western European countries to establish collective security against the Soviet Union.

Answer 12

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

Question 13

Soviet response to the formation of NATO; agreement in 1955 by the USSR and Eastern European countries to establish a military alliance

Answer 13

Warsaw Pact

Question 14

a war fought on the Korean Peninsula from 1950-53; communist North Korea invaded democratic South Korea; the U.S. and the United Nations send support to South Korea, while China joined on North Korea’s side; the war ended in a stalemate

Answer 14

Korean War

Question 15

originally, the group of countries that recently gained independence from colonial rule; more broadly, these are the developing nations of the world.

Answer 15

Third World

Question 16

a weapon created by fusing atoms; more powerful than an atomic weapon; first tested by the United States in 1952.

Answer 16

Hydrogen Bomb

Question 17

a foreign policy characterized by a willingness to push aa dangerous situation to the brink, or edge, of war rather than give in to an opponent.

Answer 17

brinkmanship

Question 18

a foreign policy in which a nation develops a weapons arsenal so deadly that another nation will not dare attack.

Answer 18

deterrence

Question 19

formed in 1938, a committee of the U.S. House of Representatives that investigated subversive groups until 1975

Answer 19

House Un-American Activities Commission (HUAC)

Question 20

the practice of publicly accusing people of subversive activities without evidence; named for Joseph McCarthy who used this method to search for communists in the United States.

Answer 20

McCarthyism

Question 21

the era in which atomic weapons have been used; culture is marked by the existence of atomic technology threats.

Answer 21

Atomic Age

Question 22

an agency established by Congress in 1951 to plan for civil defense during the arms race by preparing Americans to survive a nuclear attack; created films, posters, etc.

Answer 22

Federal Civil Defense Administration

Question 23

the first man-made satellite to be shot into orbit around the Earth by the Soviet Union; began the Space Race between the USSR and the U.S., heightening the Cold War.

Answer 23

Sputnik

Question 24

a U.S. government agency established in 1958 for the research and development of space exploration

Answer 24

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

Question 25

an invasion of Cuba in 1961 for the purpose of overthrowing the Fidel Castro regime; organized by the CIA

Answer 25

Bay of Pigs

Question 26

a concrete wall that the communist East German government erected in 1961 to cut off West Berlin from the rest of East Germany; prevented East Germans from escaping into the West; stood until 1989.

Answer 26

Berlin Wall

Question 27

confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union in 1962 over the building of Soviet missile sites in Cuba; the United States created a blockade around Cuba; the Soviets agreed to withdraw weapons from Cuba and the U.S. agreed not to invade

Answer 27

Cuban Missile Crisis