the cold war Flashcards
four asian tigers
Four Little Dragons or Four Asian Dragons, are the economies of Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan, which underwent rapid industrialization and maintained exceptionally high growth rates (in excess of 7 percent a year) between the early 1960s (mid-1950s for Hong Kong) and 1990s
tiananmen square massacre
commonly known in China as the June Fourth Incident (六四事件)[a], were student-led demonstrations in Beijing in 1989. More broadly, it refers to the popular national movement inspired by the Beijing protests during that period, sometimes referred to as the ‘89 Democracy Movement (八九民运). The protests were forcibly suppressed after the government declared martial law.
devolution
the transfer or delegation of power to a lower level, especially by central government to local or regional administration.
ronald reagan
Ronald Wilson Reagan was an American politician and actor who served as the 40th President of the United States from 1981 to 1989.
gorbachev
a former Soviet statesman.
perestroika
was a political movement for reformation within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union during the 1980s, widely associated with Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and his glasnost (meaning “openness”) policy reform.
glasnost
translated as “openness,” refers to the Soviet policy of open discussion of political and social issues.
thatcherism
the political and economic policies advocated by the former British Conservative prime minister Margaret Thatcher, particularly those involving the privatization of nationalized industries and trade union legislation.
tony blair
British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1997 to 2007 and Leader of the Labour Party from 1994 to 2007.
yugoslavia
country in Southeast Europe during most of the 20th century.
bosnia
country on the Balkan Peninsula in southeastern Europe.
cambodia
Southeast Asian nation whose landscape spans low-lying plains, the Mekong Delta, mountains and Gulf of Thailand coastline.
rwanda
landlocked East African country with a green, mountainous landscape.
kosovo
disputed territory and partially recognised state in Southeastern Europe that declared independence from Serbia in February 2008 as the Republic of Kosovo.
weapons of mass destruction
chemical, biological or radioactive weapon capable of causing widespread death and destruction.
george w. bush
American politician who served as the 43rd President of the United States from 2001 to 2009.
bill clinton
American politician who served as the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001.
nafta
The North American Free Trade Agreement
welfare state
whereby the government undertakes to protect the health and well-being of its citizens, especially those in financial or social need, by means of grants, pensions, and other benefits.
apartheid
was a system of institutionalised racial segregation and discrimination in South Africa between 1948 and 1991.
nelson mandela
South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, politician, and philanthropist, who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.
congolese conflict
slowly recovering from a conflict known as Africa’s first world war, which led to the loss of some five million lives between …
hutu
known as the Abahutu, are a Bantu ethnic group native to African Great Lakes region of Africa, primarily area now under Burundi and Rwanda
tutsi
are a social class inhabiting the African Great Lakes region.
kleptocracy
Kleptocracy (from Ancient Greek κλέπτης (kléptēs, “thief”), κλέπτω (kléptō, “steal”), from Proto-Indo-European *klep- (“to steal”); and from the Ancient Greek suffix -κρατία (-kratía), from κράτος (krátos, “power, rule”; klépto- thieves + -kratos rule, literally “rule by thieves”) is a government with corrupt leaders ( …
new world order
The New World Order or NWO is claimed to be an emerging clandestine totalitarian world government by various conspiracy theories.
internet
The Internet is the global system of interconnected computer networks that use the Internet protocol suite to link devices worldwide.
soweto uprising
The Soweto uprising was a series of protests led by black school children in South Africa that began on the morning of 16 June 1976.
bantustans
black homeland, black state or simply homeland) was a territory set aside for black inhabitants of South Africa and South West Africa (now Namibia), as part of the policy of apartheid.
persian gulf war
The Gulf War, codenamed Operation Desert Shield for operations leading to the buildup of troops and defense of Saudi Arabia and Operation Desert Storm in its combat phase, was a war waged by coalition
helsinki accords
was an agreement signed by 35 nations that concluded the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, held in Helsinki, Finland.
eec
was a regional organisation which aimed to bring about eonomic integration among its member states.
eeu
economic union of states located primarily in northern Eurasia.
chaebols
large business conglomerate, typically a family-owned one.
corporation
corporation is a company or group of people authorized to act as a single entity and recognized as such in law.
tokyo stock exchange
short, is a stock exchange located in Tokyo, Japan. It is the fourth largest stock exchange …
agglomerate
collect or form into a mass or group.
genocide
the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation.
deng xiaoping
was a Chinese revolutionary and statesman. He was the paramount leader of the People’s Republic of China from 1978 until his retirement in 1989.
african union
continental union consisting of all 55 countries on the African continent.
free trade
international trade left to its natural course without tariffs, quotas, or other restrictions.
third world
Third World” arose during the Cold War to define countries that remained non-aligned with either NATO, or the Communist Bloc.
maastricht treaty
formally, the Treaty on European Union or TEU) undertaken to integrate Europe was signed on 7 February 1992 by the members of the European Community in Maastricht, Netherlands
eclac
Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, known as ECLAC, UNECLAC or in Spanish CEPAL, is a United Nations …
1989 revolutions
The Revolutions of 1989 were part of a revolutionary wave in the late 1980s and early 1990s that resulted in the end of communist rule in Central and Eastern Europe and beyond.
ethnic cleansing
the mass expulsion or killing of members of an unwanted ethnic or religious group in a society.
refugee
person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster.
