THE COLD WAR Flashcards
YALTA Decisions
Germany+Berlin to split into 4 zones
Nazi war criminals hunted and tried
Free elections in East Europe
USSR to join against JAPAN
UN to be set-up
Undecided polish borders
Background
HISTORY
USA+Britain- attempted to stop Bolshevik Revolution in 1918
AIMS
USA-recovery of Germany, fear of Domino Theory
USSR-reparations of Germany, buffer from future German invasion
POTSDAM Check-Ups
Stalin occupied countries meant to have elections
Truman had dropped atom bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Poland occupied by Stalin
War criminals+Zones confirmed
Own zones to take own reparations
After German surrender in May 1945
HIROSHIMA&NAGASAKI
Truman dropped A Bomb to stop Stalin joining the war and avoid giving him lands promised at Yalta
SPARKS ARMS RACE
Soviet Expansion Countries
BULGARIA POLAND HUNGARY ALBANIA ROMANIA EAST GERMANY CZECHOSLOVAKIA
Poland
Communist government set-up in 1945. All other leader exiled in 1947
Czechoslovakia
Communists set-up coalition in 1945. In 1948 Communists banned all other parties and killed their leaders.
TRIGGER FOR MARSHALL PLAN
American fear theory
Domino effect
TRUMAN DOCTRINE
TURKEY AND GREECE
1947
$400 million to prevent further soviet expansion
POLICY OF CONTAINMENT
Marshall Plan
1948
$17 billion to 16 countries
Including Yugoslavia
Improve agriculture then build up industry
Statins reactions to Marshall Plan& Truman Doctrine
Cominform+Comecon
satellite states
Berlin Blockade-Why?
-Stalin wanted to destroy Germany USA WANTED OPPOSITE -Bizonia -Truman Doctrine+Marshall Plan -New currency AIRLIFT STARTED
Berlin Airlift-Facts
Lasted 318 days
First flight-26th June 1948
275,000 flights dropped 1 1/2 million tonnes is supplies
Arms Race
1945
US DROPS ATOM BOMB
1949
SOVIETS TEST FIRST ATOM BOMB
formation of nato
1950
RUSSIAN SPY CAUGHT IN US FACTORY
1952
US TEST H-BOMB
USSR DEVELOP LONG-RANGE BOMBERS+STALINS DEATH
The reason Nuclear War Never broke out?
Mutually Assured Destruction
NATO MEMBERS
CANADA USA DENMARK ICELAND NORWAY FRANCE PORTUGAL LUXEMBOURG FRANCE BRITAIN TURKEY WEST GERMANY BELGIUM NETHERLANDS ITALY
Khrushchev’s Policies
Peaceful co-existence
Destalinisation
Khrushchev’s actions (positive)
- Met with Western leaders for Summit meetings
- in 1956 destalinisation of Russia was complete
- Removed missiles from Cuba
Korean War in 6 points
- 1950 NKPA attack South Korea
- South Korea easily defeated
- UN sends troops led my General MacArthur
- Static fighting for 2 years
- President Truman offers peace with underlying threat of Atom bomb
- STALEMATE AT THE 38th PARALLEL
Khrushchev’s negative actions
- more controlling of satellite states
- created Warsaw Pact(1955)
- loved to argue
Warsaw Pact
RUSSIA BULGARIA POLAND HUNGARY Albania Czechoslovakia East Germany Romania
Hungary
Hungary invaded by Russia in 1945 and Allies agreed with occupation. In elections non-communists gained Majority while Communists gained Minority. Communists elected were led by Rakosi who demanded banning of opposition. He hinted at Russian invasion in case of disagreement. Slowly, he gained support and began arresting opposition.
