The cold war Flashcards
What was the Iron curtain?
The metaphorical divide between the Communist East and capitalist West.
Who coined the term “Iron Curtain”?
Winston Churchil used the term in 1945, though it was unpopular as the British people still believed the USSR was their allies, and the term put them in a bad light.
What was the long telegram?
The 8000-word telegram was written by a US diplomat in the USSR, it described the tensions in the soviet union at the time and his thoughts on the situation, it helped shape the USA’s containment and policies of the USSR.
Who wrote the long telegram and when?
George Kennan, an American diplomat. Sent on the 22 February of 1945.
What was the Truman Doctrine?
The Truman Doctrine, which got its name from US President Harry Truman, was the response to the Long Telegram. It aimed to contain the spread of communism by identifying countries likely to target and financially aiding them, as poor countries often fell to communism.
What was the Marshall Plan and who created it?
The Marshall Plan, proposed by secretary of state Marshall on the 5th of June 1947, aimed to financially aid European countries in the aftermath of WWII by providing economic support. The Marshall Plan was extremely successful, leading to the fastest level of economic growth in European history.
When was the Marshall plan and what was its actual goal?
The Marshal Plan started on the 5th of June 1947 and aimed to rebuild Europe into a capitalist safe haven, promoting capitalism.
When was the UN established and why?
1 of January 1942 was the UN declaration. Founded on the 24th of October 1945 to establish peace between nations, and become the better version of the League of Nations.
What was the Berlin Blockade and when did it take place?
The Berlin Blockade took place from 24 June 1948 – 12 May 1949. The East saw the US’s efforts in the west of Germany as a threat to Soviet rule, so they blockaded all roads and railways coming into West Berlin. In response, the USA completed the largest airdrop in history, delivering supplies to West Berlin. 321 days
What is NATO
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization was the capitalist West’s alliance. It aimed to prevent the expansion of the Soviet Union and was a mutual defence alliance to prevent the invasion of member states.
What was the Warsaw Pact?
The Warsaw Pact was the East’s response to NATO, it was formed on the 14th May 1955 by the soviet union. Mutual defence and cooperation between members.
Stalin
Joesph Stalin was the USSR’s dictator from 1941 up until his death in 1953. Attributed to the USSR’s expansion of power.
Eisenhower
The 34th president of the USA contributed to cold war tensions by threatening the USSR with nuclear warfare. He cut military expenditure.
Khrushcev
General secretary of CPSU and right-hand man of Stalin led the USSR from 1956 till 1964. Constructed the Berlin wall, heightening cold war tensions.
Marshal
Secretary of State of the US, Regarded as the best military man in American history. Divised the successful Marshall Plan.
