The cognitive approach to treating depression Flashcards
What is the aim of CBT?
-Identify, challenge and change these irrational and dysfunctional thought processes in order to treat the individuals’ depressive symptoms .
What are the procedures involved in CBT?
1.Identify irrational/negative thoughts (identify clients specific negative thoughts/beliefs and activating events)
2.Challenge and change the irrational/negative thoughts (challenge the irrational/negative beliefs and achieve cognitive restructuring-essentially a change to the way the person perceives and interprets their world)
What is logical disputing?
-Highlighting that the self defeating beliefs do not follow the logical information.
What is empirical disputing
Self defeating belief=not consistent with reality
What is reality testing?
-Pointing out positive incidents using evidence or examples to question the patients beliefs about themselves/their world
What is pragmatic testing?
-emphasising the lack usefulness of self defeating beliefs
What is the purpose of homework in CBT therapy?
To put the techniques covered and used in the CBT sessions into practice in their real lives
-Enables them to practice through their new way of thinking.
-Progress is discussed and evaluated
What are examples of homework?
-Small behavioral goals to achieve and practicing positive self statements
-Keeping a diary record of activating events/how they were handled
-employing tasks to test validity of beliefs/practice more effective behaviours/ways of perceiving events.
PEEL paragraph of evidence for CBT?
-Evidence from David and Avellino to support its effectiveness in the treatment.
-found highest overall success rate of therapy for depression when all forms of CBT are grouped together.
-People with depression are likely to have their symptoms reduced if they engage with this form of therapy
-Therefore, increasing well being and making it more likely to continue successfully with their lives
-Suggesting CBT should be offered to people suffering from depression
PEEL paragraph for long term effectiveness of CBT therapy
-Long term effectiveness in reducing symptoms of depression.
-Can result in cognitive restructuring so a person can change the negative perception of themselves, their future and the world in the long term.
-Viewed in contrast to other therapies such as drug therapies which only work while being taken (short term)
-people who do CBT are less likely to suffer from depression in the future because have developed the skills and coping mechanisms to help them have a more positive mindset
-Thereby, indicating the strong benefits of this form of treatment.
PEEL paragraph for CBT only focusing on cognitions (limitation)
-Only focuses on cognitions
-Negative cognitions in depression may be caused by other factors such as environmental factors
-e.g a difficult relationship or traumatic relationship in the past or even their biology
-Possible their is a biochemical reason they have a negative view of the world
-So CBT may not be effective for some because it does not address these reasons
-Therefore, more interactionist approach to treating depression where patients receive a range of different therapies
-More appropriate to help there addition
PEEL paragraph for how a person needs to be committed and motivated for CBT therapy (limitation)
-Person needs to be committed and motivated for treatment to be effective
-Patient has to commit to a lot of sessions, need to work hard in sessions and do the homework
-So cognitive restructuring is very effortful and is more difficult because key symptoms of depression are lack of motivation/concentration/focus
-So will find it hard to complete the therapy and will therefore not be effective
-If viewed as unsuccessful then may strengthen feelings of helplessness/negative outlook
-Therefore essential that patients are encouraged to complete the cause of CBT
