The cognitive approach

Question 1

What is the computer analogy

Answer 1

• We are like computers in the way we receive, interpret and respond to information.
• The brain can be studied scientifically

Question 2

What is the assumption that thought processes can be modelled and studied scientifically

Answer 2

• Thought processes can be studied in an empirical measurable way
• Although mental processes are not directly observable their outcomes can be measured objectively

Question 3

What is the inferences assumption

Answer 3

Inferences are made about thought processes based in behavioural outcomes

Question 4

What is the psychology as a science assumption

Answer 4

Psychology should be studied scientifically using the empirical method

Question 5

What is the role of schema

Answer 5

• Packets of information we hold about the world
• Varys from person to person
• Help us quickly make sense of situations. We sometimes hold negative schema which can lead to prejudie

Question 6

What is cognitive neuroscience

Answer 6

• Combines the biological and cognitive approaches to map the physical circuitry underlying thought processes.
• Using brain imaging scientists develop models of thought processes which relate to the actual underlying neural networks and structures of the brain.

Question 7

Strengths of the cognitive approach

Answer 7

+useful basis for practical application- use to effect behavioural change in psychology. e.g- CBT
+Based on research from lab studies improving validity and scientific credibility.

Question 8

What are the weaknesses of the cognitive approach

Answer 8

• Lacks external validity- based on lab research with artificial materials not representing every day
• Based on machine reductionism- ignores emotion and motivation.