The Civilizing Process Flashcards
How does Norbert Elias define civilization?
Civilization is the process of controlling natural bodily functions through the production of shame and repugnance.
What was Norbert’s thesis in the civilizing process?
He argued that civilization is a gradual change in mindset towards shame and repugnance concerning violence, sexuality, death, body functions, and speech.
What role does shame play in the civilizing process?
Shame regulates bodily functions, nudity, violence, and speech, making them more controlled and hidden from public view.
How has society’s view of blood changed over time?
In the Middle Ages, blood symbolized victory and strength, but today it is seen as a contaminant associated with disease and danger.
How has menstrual blood been treated in different societies?
It was historically considered impure, regulated in religious texts, and is still depicted in media with blue instead of red to minimize discomfort.
How has violence been civilized over time?
Actual violence is mainly illegal, and people rely on the state for justice. However, violence is channelled into entertainment like movies, video games, and sports.
How has society’s treatment of death changed?
Death has become increasingly hidden, while embalming and euphemisms making the dead appear as though they are sleeping.
Why are modern funeral rituals considered meaningless?
They are often scripted and ritualized to fulfill social obligations rather than express genuine emotion.
How was sex viewed in the Middle Ages compared to today?
It was normalized, today they are seen as private matters shrouded in secrecy and shame.
How has civilization changed the perception of bodily functions?
Functions like urination, defecation, and sweating are now controlled and hidden, with a multi-billion dollar industry dedicated to hygiene products.
How do table manners reflect the civilizing process?
They regulate bodily functions while eating, such as chewing with a closed mouth, using utensils, and avoiding direct discussion of food consumption.
How were periods managed in the past?
Women used rags, moss, and, later, products like corsets to manage menstruation while fainting couches were used due to the belief that menstruation weakened women.
How does speech reflect civilization?
Language is ritualized to hide bodily functions, death, and sex, using things like “passing gas” or “going to the bathroom”
How does the George Ritzer’s concept of McDonaldization relate to speech?
Corporate speech like “have a nice day” is ritualized and scripted, mirroring the social veiling of true meaning.
How has the state replaced personal justice?
Rather than seeking revenge, people rely on legal systems and law enforcement to handle crimes and punishment.
How does modern entertainment satisfy society’s repressed desire for violence?
Action movies, video games, and sports provide virtual or vicarious outlets for aggression and bloodlust.
