The Civil Rights Movement

Question 0

Brown vs board of Topeka, which organisation

Answer 0

NAACP

Question 1

Brown vs board of Topeka, when

Answer 1

Sep 1952

Question 2

Brown vs board of Topeka, verdict

Answer 2

May 1954 Chief Justice earl warren in favour of NAACP

Stated ‘segregated education couldn’t be equal’

Question 3

Little rock, when and what happened at first

Answer 3

1957 Supreme Court ordered, orval Faubus, governor, to let 9 black students attend

Question 4

Faubus response to Supreme Court

Answer 4

Sent out state troopers to prevent blacks from going to little rock high

Question 5

Consequence of state troopers(2)

Answer 5

Eisenhower sent federal troopers to defend students, they stayed for 6 weeks
Faubus gained popularity for actions and was reflected for 6 terms total

Question 6

Montgomery bus boycott, when, where

Answer 6

Montgomery Alabama dec 1955

Question 7

Montgomery bus boycott,why/what(2)

Answer 7

Jim Crow law said black people could only sit at back

Rosa parks was an activist, refused to give up seat for white, was arrested and convicted

Question 8

Consequences of rosa parks

Answer 8

MIA

Question 9

MIA bus boycott first day(4)

Answer 9

Buses were empty
10-15000 went to hear speech from MLK (MIA president)
Bus company lost 65% income
Car pooled for 2/3 of passengers, rest walked

Question 10

Consequences of bus boycott(4)

Answer 10

Supreme Court dec1956 declared bus segregation illegal
By implication all public services to be desegregated
MLK arrested twice
Attacks on leaders (7 bombers and 7snipers all acquitted)

Question 11

SCLC(2)

Answer 11

Southern Christian leadership conference

Trained non-violent protest

Question 12

CORE(2)

Answer 12

James farmer

Freedom rides

Question 13

SNCC

Answer 13

Student non violent coordinating committee

Black + whites students

Question 14

Sit Ins

Answer 14

Feb 1960

Nashville Tennessee

Question 15

Freedom rides

Answer 15

May1961 CORE
Many states disobeying order to desegregate buses
Deliberately rode on buses in places such as Birmingham
SNCC joined

Question 16

Consequence of freedom rides

Answer 16

All participants faced some of the worst violence
Governor of Alabama, John Patterson did little to help
Eventually pressured by newly elected JFK protect them
Alabama Director of public safety, floyd Mann saved many

Question 17

Has the civilian rights situation improved by 1961

Answer 17

11 June 1961- JFK committed to to a civil rights programme of laws
Mississippi activist ,medgar Evers murdered by known racist
Accused but acquitted

Question 18

Voting rights campaign

Answer 18

JFK’s inauguration speech caught activists attention
They wanted civil rights bill to be passed
Him and Robert Kennedy (attorney general) wanted voting rights first as they thought it would give them more power

Question 19

NAACP voting rights campaign

Answer 19

They agreed with JFK and RK
Courses for black Americans on voting procedure
They faced death threats but number of voters rose

Question 20

MLK view on freedom rides

Answer 20

Too dangerous provocative and irresponsible

Disapproved

Question 21

Robert kennedys actions to end bus segregation

Answer 21

Petitioned interstate commerce commission (ICC) to draft regulations to end it, they were reluctant but in sep1961 issued orders for November

Question 22

Failures of civil rights movement

Answer 22

April63 - Birmingham ,MLk and 1000 others arrested
Sep63- church bomb killed 4 children
65- Selma , 600 were brutally attacked

Question 23

Succeses of civil rights movement

Answer 23

JFK inaugarated jan61 promised change
Black voters increased due to NAACP and kennedys
JFK had arrested at Birmingham released(pressured governor Wallace)
Johnson was just as committed as JFK
Voting right bill pushed by LBJ in 1965 passed 1968

Question 24

Importance of little rock and brown vs Topeka

Answer 24

Children
Creating desegregated environment for children
However many schools went private

Question 25

Significance of Birmingham Alabama

Answer 25

Church bomb killed 4 schoolgirls few months later
SNCC NAACP rather inactive there
MLK brother was a pastor there
Many KKK
King describe it as worst city for racism

Question 26

Aim of Birmingham

Answer 26

Turn media attention to a deeply racist city

Police chief Bull Connor proved them right and turned fire hoses and dogs on peaceful protestors

Question 27

Washington March

Answer 27

August63 200000 blacks and 50000 white marched on capital
Pressure JFK to pass civil rights bill
No trouble, not even litter
 'I have a dream'
TREMENDOUS IMPACT ON PUBLIC OPINION

Question 28

Freedom summer

Answer 28

64- JFK’s assassination,LBJ was appointed2jul64signed civil rights act
illegal for government to discriminate in areas such as housing and employment
Momentum from this and MLK caused rise to 430,000 blacks registered to vote in proceeding 20 months

Question 29

Selma ,why

Answer 29

Only 2.4% of blacks registered to vote! high amount of racism

Question 30

What happened Selma

Answer 30

7mar65- 600 people marched without king in a banned march,

Brutally attacked ‘bloody Sunday’

Question 31

Effects of Selma

Answer 31

King reorganised token march to keep pressure on 11mar65
Turned back after short distance
Avoided violence
Irritated radical activists
Helped LBJ push voting rights bill in 65 passed 68

Question 32

Voting rights bill

Answer 32

Pushed by LBJ in 65 Passed in congress in 68
Allowed government agents to inspect voting procedure for discrimination
Ended literacy test
After 65 5 cities had black mayors (Detroit,Atlanta,Cleveland)
Racist Selma sheriff jim Clark lost job