The Citizenship Book Flashcards
What is the Equality Act and when was it created?
A law which bans unfair treatment and helps achieve equal opportunities in the workplace and wider society. It was created in 2010
What is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?
A declaration written after the Second World War to protect everyone’s rights.
What does the council’s cabinet do?
Each member of the cabinet will have responsibility for one area of the council’s work.
What does the Prime Minister do?
Directs government policy
Manages the Cabinet
Organises the government
Controls Parliament
Provides national leadership
What are three parts of the Cabinet?
The Teasury
The Home Office
The Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs Office
What does the Executive do?
Draws up and puts policy into action
What does the judiciary do?
Makes judgements about the law
What is a convention?
An agreement between governments
When was the Magna Carta created?
In 1215
What is a trade union?
An organisation that looks after the interests of a group of employees
What is a Citizens Advice Bureau?
An organisation that offers free advice on consumer and other legal matters
What is the Office of Fair Trading?
A government office that can take action against traders who break the law
What is a Trading Standards Department?
An official body that enforces consumer-based law.
What is devolution?
The transfer of power from central to regional government
What is a judicial review?
A further check.
What are the main differences between civil and criminal cases?
Most civil cases are heard in a county court, but some can be held in a High Court, but criminal cases are heard in magistrates’ courts and crown courts.
For criminal cases, there is a jury, but in civil cases, there is not.
What is a claimant?
The person who is making the claim that someone else has broken the law.
What is a small claims court?
A court that heads civil cases with a claim of less than £10,000
What do judges do in trials where there is a jury?
The jury decides whether the defendant is guilty or not and the judge decides the sentence.
What are senior judges and what powers do they have?
Judges who sit in higher courts
Senior judges are very powerful because if there is an argument about how a law made by parliament should be interpreted, it is the senior judges who decide.
What is the difference between a barrister and a solicitor?
Solicitors give legal advice to their clients and can speak on behalf of them in court.
Barristers represent clients in court and they are the only lawyers qualified to speak in all types of court.
What does the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) do?
Advises the police on cases for possible prosecution.
What are mitigating factors?
Reasons why an offender might be given a lesser sentence.
What sort of issues can be taken to a tribunal?
Certain things such as employment issues
