the challenge of natural hazards case studies Flashcards
When and where was your HIC earthquake case study? What was its magnitude?
HIC - Italy, L’Aquila
6th April 2009
6.3 on Richter scale
What were the primary effects for a HIC earthquake case study?
HIC - Italy, L’Aquila primary effects
- around 300 death
- 1,500 injured
- tens of thousands of buildings damaged
- 60,000+ homeless
- a bridge collapsed
- water pipe broken
What were the secondary effects for a HIC earthquake case study?
HIC - Italy, L’Aquila secondary effects
- aftershocks slowed rescue and caused more damage
- fires in collapsed buildings caused more damage
- broken water pipe caused landslide
- electricity and phone services were interrupted, but most were fixed after a day
What were the immediate responses for a HIC earthquake case study?
HIC - Italy, L’Aquila immediate responses
- camps set up for homeless, providing water, food and medical care
- ambulances, fire engines and the army were sent in
- cranes and diggers used to remove rubble
- free phones and SIM cards provided
- money provided by government
- gas and electricity bills suspended
What were the long term responses for a HIC earthquake case study?
HIC - Italy, L’Aquila long term responses
- new settlements were built to accommodate over 20,000 residents
- most of city centre rebuilt, but some delays
- an investigation was set up to see why modern buildings couldn’t withstand earthquakes
When and where was your LIC earthquake case study? What was its magnitude?
LIC - Pakistan, Kashmir
8th October 2005
7.6 on Richter scale
What were the primary effects for a LIC earthquake case study?
LIC - Pakistan, Kashmir primary effects
- around 80,000 deaths
- tens of thousands of people injured
- hundreds of thousands buildings damaged or destroyed
- 3,000,000 homeless
- water pipelines and electricity lines were broken
What were the secondary effects for a LIC earthquake case study?
LIC - Pakistan, Kashmir secondary effects
- landslides buried people and buildings, blocked roads and cut off water supplies, electricity supplies and telephone lines
- diarrhoea and other diseases spread due to low clean water
- freezing winter conditions caused more casualties
What were the immediate responses for a LIC earthquake case study?
LIC - Pakistan, Kashmir immediate responses
- international aid and equipment brought in
- help didn’t reach many areas for days or weeks
- tents, blankets and medical supplies were distributed, but it took up to a month to reach some places
What were the long term responses for a LIC earthquake case study?
LIC - Pakistan, Kashmir long term responses
- 40,000 people have been relocated
- aid was given to rebuild schools and government money was given to rebuild homes
- many had to use the government money to buy food
- after 3 years, thousands still in temporary tents
- some schools still not rebuilt after 10 years
When and where was your tropical storm case study?
Hurricane Katrina in Mississippi and Louisiana, USA, in August 2005.
What were the primary effects for a tropical storm case study?
Hurricane Katrina primary effects
- more than 1,800 killed
- 300,000 houses destroyed
- large areas flooded, including 80% of New Orleans
- 3,000,000 left without electricity
- some bridges collapsed
- coastal habitats damaged
What were the secondary effects for a tropical storm case study?
Hurricane Katrina secondary effects
- hundreds of thousands of people made homeless
- 230,000 jobs lost from damaged businesses
- water supplies polluted with sewage and chemicals
- damage was $150,000,000,000
What were the immediate responses for a tropical storm case study?
Hurricane Katrina immediate responses
- 70-80% of New Orleans residents evacuated before
- Mississippi and Louisiana declared states of emergency
- the coastguard, police, fire service and army rescued over 50,000
- charities collected donations and provided aid, including millions of hot meals
What were the long term responses for a tropical storm case study?
Hurricane Katrina long term responses
- US government provided over $16 billion for rebuilding homes and provided funds to repair essential infrastructure
- US army recommended that buildings are rebuilt on stilts or not rebuilt at all in low-lying areas
- repaired and improved flood defenses for New Orleans costing $14.5 billion were completed in 2013
