The Cell Theory Flashcards
Cell Wall
the protective, semi-permeable outer layer of a plant cell
Cell Membrane
The semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell
Nucleus
A dense organelle enclosed within its own double membrane and containing the cell’s genetic material
Chromosomes
Strands of DNA and protein that carry the genetic information of a cell
Ribosomes
The cell organelle that translates the DNA code into a linear sequence of amino acids, which collectively form proteins.
Golgi apparatus
a complex of vesicles and folded membranes within the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells, involved in secretion and intracellular transport.
Lysosomes
an organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane.
Mitochondrion
an organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur.
Vacuoles
a space or vesicle within the cytoplasm of a cell, enclosed by a membrane and typically containing fluid.
Centrioles
Paired cylindrical organelles near the nucleus in animal cells, involved in cell division
Cilia
Short, hair-like strands found in large numbers, causing currents or aiding locomotion
Flagella
Long, whip-like strands used for locomotion in eukaryotes and prokaryotes
Chloroplast
An organelle occurring in plant and algae cells, contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place
Mitosis
Cell division in eukaryotic cells where one cell divides into two daughter cells, both with the same chromosome number as the parent
Meiosis
The sequence of two cell divisions, by which a diploid cell gives rise to four haploid daughter cells
