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The cell theory Flashcards

1
Q

Organisms are composed of one or more cells

A

The cell theory

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2
Q

The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization in organisms

A

The cell theory

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3
Q

All cells come from pre-existing cells

A

The cell theory

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4
Q

The basic structure of an organism

A

The cell

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5
Q

Basically, makes up every living entity

A

The cell

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6
Q

Building blocks of an organism (multicellular)

A

The cell

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7
Q

Building blocks of an organism (multicellular)

A

The cell

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8
Q

Two types of cells

A
  • Prokaryotic
  • Eukaryotic
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9
Q

3 Domains

A
  1. Bacteria
  2. Archaea
  3. Eukarya
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10
Q

Single-celled (unicellular)

Types of cells

A

Prokaryotes

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11
Q
  • “Pro” = before
  • “Karya” - Nucleus
  • Literal meaning “before nucleus”

Types of cells

A

Prokaryotes

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12
Q

Multicellular or unicellular

Types of cells

A

Eukaryotes

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13
Q
  • Eu = true
  • Karya = Nucleus
  • Literal meaning “True Nucleus”

Types of cells

A

Eukaryotes

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14
Q

Encloses cell contents

Parts of the eukaryotic cell

A

Plasma Membrane

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15
Q

Monitors what comes in and out
(semi-permeable - it cannot allow the entry of
some materials from going inside the cell)

Parts of the eukaryotic cell

A

Plasma Membrane

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16
Q

Provides protection and support for the whole
cell

Parts of the eukaryotic cell

A

Plasma Membrane

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17
Q

Made of different kinds of
molecules: phospholipids,proteins, carbohydrates

Structure of _____

A

Plasma Membrane

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18
Q

Semi-fluid, flexible structure

Structure of _____

A

Plasma Membrane

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19
Q

It is known as phospholipid
bilayer

Structure of _____

A

Plasma Membrane

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20
Q

Made up of:
1. Hydrophilic Head
2. Hydrophobic Head

Parts of the Eukaryotic Cell

A

Phospholipid

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21
Q
  1. Requires Energy
  2. Does not require energy

Plasma membrane

A

Cell Transport

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22
Q

Transport protein is visible

Cell Transport requires Energy

A

Active transport

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23
Q

large molecules

Cell Transport requires Energy

ex: endocytosis

A

Bulk transport

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24
Q

water molecules are the only one
passing through

Cell Transport Does not require Energy

A

Osmosis

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25
Q

can pass through the membranes
clearly, need for a protein channel

Cell Transport Does not require Energy

A

Simple Diffusion and Facilitated Diffusion

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26
Q

the
substance passes between the
phospholipids

Types of diffusion

A

Simple Diffusion

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27
Q

specialized
membrane channel

Types of diffusion

A

Facilitated Diffusion

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28
Q

Contains water and nutrients within the cell

A

Cytosol

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29
Q

Helps in filtering out waste materials

A

Cytosol

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30
Q

Participates in energy production (cell
respiration)

A

Cytosol

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31
Q

Energy is produced

parts of the eukaryotic cells

A

Cytosol

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32
Q

Microtubule-organizing center

A

Centrosome

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33
Q

Contains centrioles (animal cell)

A

Centrosome

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34
Q

Carry materials coming from the nucleus

A

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

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35
Q

Associated with protein synthesis

A

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

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36
Q

System of folded tube-like structures,
functions for:
a. Protein folding
b. Protein transport
c. site/location of ribosomes

A

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

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37
Q

Tubular

Kinds of Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

Smooth ER

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38
Q

Factory-warehouse of metabolic products
needed for cell to function

Kinds of Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

Smooth ER

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39
Q

Contains enzymes

Kinds of Endoplasmic Reticulum

40
Q

Helps in cell detoxification

Kinds of Endoplasmic Reticulum

41
Q

Stores ions

Kinds of Endoplasmic Reticulum

42
Q

Flattened sheet

Kinds of Endoplasmic Reticulum

43
Q

Attached ribosomes make the “rough” surface

Kinds of Endoplasmic Reticulum

44
Q

Contains enzymes for protein synthesis

Kinds of Endoplasmic Reticulum

45
Q

Contain amino acids for protein synthesis

46
Q

Can be found in the rough ER and around the
cell cytoplasm

47
Q

Protein processing and packaging

A

Golgi Apparatus

48
Q

Sends materials out of the cell

A

Golgi Apparatus

49
Q

All of the Golgi mechanisms including vesicles

A

Golgi Apparatus

50
Q

a factory in which proteins received from the
ER are further processed

A

Golgi Apparatus

51
Q

sorted for transport to their eventual
destinations: lysosomes, the plasma
membrane, or secretion.

A

Golgi Apparatus

52
Q

Covered by phospholipid bilayer (same as
plasma membrane)

53
Q

Ship out materials from Golgi, going out of the
cell

54
Q

Require energy for transport of materials

55
Q

Endocytosis and exocytosis

56
Q

Enzyme sacks that function in
degradation/digestion of wastes

57
Q

Convert cell wastes into useful building
blocks/materials

58
Q

Convert the waste to useful

59
Q

Powerhouse of the cell

A

Mitochondria

60
Q

It is the organelle involved in producing
energy (ATP)

A

Mitochondria

61
Q

Most of the energy are harvested and produced

A

Mitochondria

62
Q

The main organelle

63
Q

Contains the genetic materials (DNA)

64
Q

DNA dictates the activity and fate of the cell

65
Q

Central Dogma begins at the nucleus

66
Q

Compacted DNA structure

Under Nucleus

67
Q

If DNA is loose, the genetic material will
takeover the whole cell

Under Nucleus

68
Q

Histone proteins

Under Nucleus

69
Q

Keeps DNA chromatin structure

Under Nucleus

A

Histone Proteins

70
Q

Wrapped around the DNA

Under Nucleus

A

Histone Proteins

71
Q

Makes rRNA (ribosome synthesis)

Under Nucleus

72
Q

Cell appendages (protruding outside the cell)

73
Q

For locomotion/movement/motility

74
Q

Not all cells have a flagellum

Ex: Sperm Cells

75
Q

Have chloroplasts

A

Plant Cells

76
Q

Have vacuoles

A

Plant Cells

77
Q

Can absorb liquids

A

Plant Cells

78
Q

Creates food by photosynthesis

A

Plant Cells

79
Q

Has cell wall made of cellulose

A

Plant Cells

80
Q

Made up of cellulose and lignin

Organelles found in plant cells not animal cells

81
Q

Surrounds the plasma membrane

Organelles found in plant cells not animal cells

82
Q

For protection and prevents swelling

Organelles found in plant cells not animal cells

83
Q

Site of photosynthesis for food production

Organelles found in plant cells not animal cells

A

Chloroplasts

84
Q

Chlorophyll: green pigment

Organelles found in plant cells not animal cells

A

Chloroplasts

85
Q

Storage of water and other molecules

Organelles found in plant cells not animal cells

A

Central Vacuole

86
Q

Supports cell structure and form

Organelles found in plant cells not animal cells

A

Central Vacuole

87
Q

Storage and production for photosynthesis

Organelles found in plant cells not animal cells

A

Central Vacuole

88
Q

It holds the chloroplast

Organelles found in plant cells not animal cells

A

Central Vacuole

89
Q

Once a separate bacteria. Evolved through
endosymbiosis

Organelles found in plant cells not animal cells

A

Central Vacuole

90
Q

Have no cell walls

A

Animal Cells

91
Q

Eats other cells

A

Animal Cells

92
Q

Cannot absorb much liquid because it has no
cellulose

A

Animal Cells

93
Q

Can form a variety of shapes

A

Animal Cells

94
Q

Have lysosomes

A

Animal Cells

95
Q

Similarities of Plant and Animal Cells

A
  • nucleus
  • eukaryotic
  • size

Earth and life Science (11 decks)

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